Book Reviews & Books of Interest

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Images of War: The Artist’s Vision of World War II

Ken McCormick and Hamilton Darby Perry, ^editors. New York: Orion Books, 1990.

⁴⁵³ pp. Illus. Bib. Ind. $65.00 ($58.50).

Reviewed by Edward R. Crews

Because our vision of World War II has ^een etched so deeply by dramatic black- and-white photographs, many readers ^may be surprised when they see Images °fWar, a collection of artworks created ^Ur*ⁿg snd about World War II by more than 200 artists on both sides of the bat­tlelines. The colorful, bold sketches and Paintings in Images of War contrast sharply with the stark quality of many World War II photographs.

During the war, author John Hersey served as a war correspondent. He met and admired several artists sent to capture their vision of the fighting and, in this book's foreward, explains how these painters created a new and often startling view of the conflict.

“Each artist brought a uniqueness of insights to bear on certain experiences of war,” he wrote. “Gathered all together as this book gathers them, these artists show us the astonishing complexity of the entire range of those experiences, all the way from the manifest terrors to—for some, alas—their hideous attractive­ness.”

Editors Ken McCormick and Hamilton Darby Perry collected art from the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Poland, Yugoslavia, France, Japan, Germany, and Italy. Al­most all the Soviet works are being seen in the West for the first time, thanks to the editors’ efforts. The quality of repro­duction of the original artwork is extraor­dinarily high. Most of the pictures are official government art, but not all. At least one U.S. pharmaceutical company sent artists to various fronts, and Italy had no formal government war art program. The examples of Italian art in the book thus are largely the product of the artists’ own initiative.

Although Images of War is not conven­tional military history, each of its 15

Art, such as Norman Wilkinson’s painting Little Ships at Dunkirk show­ing the withdrawal at its peak, pro­vides a new perspective of World War II.

NATIONAL MARITIME MUSEUM

Mercy Ship (below) by U.S. artist Joseph Hirsch; Japanese Ezaki Kohei creates a strangely peaceful silk- screen-style painting of Guam’s inva­sion (right); and Australian Geoffrey Mainwaring shows a heroic moment in Singapore’s defense.

chapters is introduced with short passages about campaigns and battles illustrated on the following pages. Most selections are first-person accounts of combat that en­hance the visions offered by the book’s paintings and sketches.

Both McCormick and Perry note in their introduction that their book is not a definitive artistic view of the entire war; there were just too many campaigns. To keep the book to a reasonable size, the editors chose to let certain battles sym­bolize similar ones. Guadalcanal, for in­stance, serves as the representative for other island campaigns in the Pacific.

Stylistically, the range of art is wide. Combat art traditionally is highly realistic and heroic; the book has plenty of these. But readers also will find ties to a variety of schools ranging from the Impression­ists, as in Colin Colahan’s “Ballet of Wind and Rain,” a picture of Australian pilots on a flight line in England; to the Surrealists, in Lawren P. Harris’s paint­ing of antiaircraft gunners watching a dogfight off Ortona, Italy; to traditional Japanese art in Arai Shori’s picture of a Japanese aircraft leaving a carrier deck for Pearl Harbor.

The pictures also range widely in sub­ject matter. Combat is the dominant theme, but the book also contains views of home-front life, prison camps, and factories. Proceedings readers probably will find the portrayal of World War II service by the Navy, Coast Guard, Mer­chant Marine and Marine Corps most in­teresting. Selections include merchant convoys crossing the Atlantic, carrier operations in the Pacific, and amphibious assaults in Europe and Asia.

The editors’ selections tend to rein­force the universal experiences of war rather than those of just one nation or one army. Pictures from all sides record hor­ror, victory, defeat and destruction. But as Hersey, in his forward, explains; “The images presented here . . . remind us that war is not fought by machines, and that the cost is not to be reckoned in dol­lars of national debt. War, these very human artists remind us, is fought by human beings. The cost is in human val­ues and human lives.”

Mr. Crews is a senior business reporter for the Rich­mond (Va.) Times-Dispatch. A former U.S. Marine artillery officer who served with the 2nd and 4th Ma­rine Divisions, he writes frequently on naval and mil­itary affairs.

The Lessons of Modern War Volume I: The Arab-Israeli Conflict

Volume II: The Iran-Iraq Conflict

Volume III: The Afghan and Falklands Conflicts

Anthony H. Cordesman and Abraham R. Wagner. Boulder, CO: Westview Press,

1990. Maps. Tables. Gloss. Bib. Ind.

Vol. I: $47.50 ($42.75), Vol. II: $54.95 ($49.45), Vol. Ill: $49.95 ($44.95).

Reviewed by Captain Jon T. Hoffman, U.S. Marine Corps

The current crisis in the Middle East has drowned out talk of a peace dividend and turned everyone’s thoughts to the possibility of war and the need for com­bat readiness. As U.S. units continue to flow into the region, military leaders, politicians, and analysts are scrambling to assess the potential outcome of a con­flict between Iraq and the multinational force in Saudi Arabia. Anthony Cor­desman, a professor of national security studies, and Abraham Wagner, a defense consultant, have thus stumbled into a sellers’ market with their just-published, three-volume analysis of recent wars.

Their comprehensive look at modern conflict attempts to provide the “impor­tant lessons and insights” that will be in great demand in coming months.

The authors do provide some narrative, but mostly they analyze the wars. The accounts range from 3 pages of text and an 11 -page chronology of the Yom Kip- pur War, to nearly 400 pages on the Iran- baq Conflict. Anyone not familiar with the details of the Yom Kippur War or the Falklands Conflict will have to consult a reference for a full account. In the other cases, the coverage is as detailed as any­thing else currently available.

The core of each book is a lengthy look at what worked and what failed. The les­sons are compartmentalized into catego­ries such as strategy, tactics, doctrine, Weapons, logistics, and command. This format allows the reader to find and focus easily upon any given area.

The authors provide many tables on force structures, weapons capabilities, and other quantifiable facts, as well as a handy guide to acronyms and lengthy re­search bibliographies. This encyclopedic compilation of information makes each volume a useful reference tool. Maps, on the other hand, are sparse and often inad­equate; there are none for the Yom Kip- pur War and some others are of poor graphic quality. The reader also must be Wary of frequent, confusing editing er­rors, such as inconsistent numbers and the transposition of words such as Iran and Iraq.

The volumes cover the full spectrum of conflict: the Soviet superpower against Afghan guerrillas, the long-range projec­tion of Britain’s power into the biggest air versus naval campaign since World War H, an intense but short war between qual- % Israeli forces and their numerically superior Arab opponents, and a drawn- out slugfest between two regional powers in the Gulf. The latter might seem to be the most interesting right now, but each campaign holds potentially important les­sons for U.S. forces stationed in Saudi Arabia.

At the strategic level, Cordesman and Vagner highlight the volatile combina­tion of instability and massive military Power in the Gulf region. We already face the spectre of a costly war with Iraq, hut Iran will eventually recover as well. It will have the petrodollars to buy a new arsenal, the technology to expand its stockpile of chemical weapons, and the ^religious fanaticism to use them. Even a total victory over Iraq will not stabilize the Middle East.

Iraq’s strategy toward the end of its struggle with Iran was to “inflict such utassive casualties on Iranian troops that the resulting losses would undercut popu­lar support for the war.” Having achieved his goal in that case, Saddam Hussein clearly plans to duplicate the feat against the United States. While we are wondering whether Iraq might be another Vietnam, the Iraqi leader has already pegged us as a second Iran.

The General Michael J. Dugan affair underlined the heavy reliance that the multinational force will place on air power; an unavoidable assumption in any case, since the Iraqis outnumber us on the ground. Experience in Middle East wars indicates that allied air forces will have little trouble sweeping their opponent from the sky. Iraqi pilots fared poorly in air-to-air combat against the numerically weaker and poorly maintained Iranian air force. Their French and Soviet equipment is not top-of-the-line, they have not un­dergone extensive training in that role, and they gained little experience in eight years of war. The Israelis also demon­strated in 1973 and 1982 that Western technology and training are more than a match for unprepared Arab air forces.

Nevertheless, we may find it difficult to translate our air superiority into an advantage against Iraqi armor. Cor­desman and Wagner point out that, in all five wars, more aircraft were killed by short-range antiaircraft guns and hand­held missiles than by enemy interceptors or long-range surface-to-air missiles (SAMs). These simple, ubiquitous weap­ons also severely degraded the effective­ness of planes against ground targets.

Operational plans that rely too much on close-air support and interdiction may find that air power cannot fulfill its as­signed mission.

Two of the most-feared Iraqi weapons may not present many problems—if the war with Iran is a useful guide. Despite extensive use, chemical weapons ac­counted for only about 45,000 Iranian casualties out of more than one million. Although 45,000 is a lot, the Iranians had little advanced defensive gear and often failed to use it properly. Revolutionary Guards, for instance, refused to shave their beards for religious reasons, and thus could not achieve a full seal with gas masks. Moreover, the relatively static campaigns of that war made it easy for Iraq to deliver the tons of agents required to achieve tactical effectiveness. In a rapid maneuver war, Western forces should seldom find themselves the target of significant chemical attacks.

Both Iran and Iraq used many medium range surface-to-surface missiles. But these weapons caused comparatively lit­tle damage. Their accuracy was generally less than five kilometers and their small warheads (500 pounds or less) packed a minimal punch. Most were fired into large population centers like Tehran and Baghdad, but they still killed an average

While the United States wonders whether Iraq might be a second Viet­nam, Iraq seems to have pegged the world’s sole superpower as a second Iran. Here, Iraqi troops taunt Ira­nian POWs.

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of less than two dozen people per missile.

Iraq entered the war against Iran with a politicized officer corps, a poorly trained conscript army, and a meager ability to execute its adopted Soviet doctrine. It emerged eight years later with some pro­fessional units (mainly the Republican Guards) and the ability to conduct limited combined-arms attacks. Its 1988 offen­sives against Iran highlighted several exploitable weaknesses, though. In each case the Iraqis entered battle with mas­sive superiority in air power, artillery, and armor (as much as 20:1 in some in­stances), and relied heavily on conven­tional and chemical firepower to pave the way. But they generally advanced less than 20 miles before halting. This may have simply been the result of limited objectives, but the authors imply that the Iraqis more likely had considerable diffi­culty with logistics and the coordination of combined arms in a maneuver environ­ment. Their artillery training and doctrine focused on massive saturation of area tar­gets rather than observed fire on actual enemy positions. Guns fired as many as 400 rounds per day. On a fluid battle­field, the Iraqis will not be able to supply their batteries at that rate or even bring meaningful fire to bear against rapidly moving armored forces.

Current press accounts indicate that the Iraqis are building strong defensive posi­tions along their border. This accords with their practice against Iran, where they made extensive use of fortifications, barriers, minefields, and preregistered artillery concentrations. This worked moderately well against Iranian human- wave assaults, but it will play into the hands of Western forces employing ma­neuver warfare in any offensive. Units that have ceased assault training and adopted a garrison mentality will be un­prepared to deal with a mobile enemy that has broken through at another point and suddenly appeared in their rear.

While these and other lessons appear to be useful in the current crisis, one proba­bly cannot accept them at face value. Even the authors admit that “no effort to describe a process as complex as war can ever hope to be complete.” They also admit that their information sources are often weak at best. The “fog of peace” includes deliberate misinformation by nations that desire to affect the export market for their weapons. The French and British, for example, differ signifi­cantly over the performance of the Exocet antiship missile in the Falklands, while the Israelis issue glowing appraisals of their homegrown Merkava tank. Nations are loathe to reveal information that might weaken their security. Details re­

garding Israel’s successful operations against Syrian SAMs in 1982 are still secret. Independent sources are also sus­pect. Much of the information on the Iran-Iraq War is taken from media ac­counts, which were themselves based on the propaganda broadcasts by partici­pants. Articles in The Baltimore Sun can­not serve as a basis for military planning-

Other problems seriously undercut the potential value of these volumes. The authors demonstrate a considerable lack of knowledge about their subject in at least some areas. They refer to the LVTP-7 assault vehicle, designed and first built in the 1960s, as a “World War II-vintage system.” They say that British troops in the Falklands had no training for that environment; in fact, the Royal Marines, who composed a considerable portion of the assault force, were experts in cold- weather warfare. The Sergeant York air- defense system, canceled several years ago, is described as the upcoming re­placement for the Vulcan antiaircraft gun.

While Cordesman and Wagner fully support many of their points, they some­times draw conclusions without provid­ing the background information that would make their judgments useful. As an example, they indicate that Israeli For- ₍ ward Air Controllers (FACs) were “poorly trained and equipped” during the Yom Kippur War. Since no descrip­tion of FAC operations is provided, the reader cannot make comparisons with other forces to determine potential effec­tiveness. Some of their other “lessons” are so obvious that any respectable mili­tary leader or policymaker will find them humorous: “Force ratios are a remarka­bly uncertain measure of military strength,” and “Infantry must be trained for combat before it is deployed, or it takes heavy losses and loses much of its effectiveness.”

The Lessons of Modem War is an am­bitious project that might achieve its goal of providing “helpful insights and a means of challenging . . . ideas and con­ceptions.” For someone with little back­ground in the field it would certainly be a worthwhile educational tool. But in its attempt to cover all facets of five very different wars, it has failed to achieve the level of sophistication that would make it truly useful to those military leaders and policymakers it is supposed to aid. These 1,500 pages are certainly no substitute for experience and a solid professional read­ing program.

Captain Hoffman is an infantry officer who is now a senior instructor in military history at the U.S. Naval Academy.

Books of Interest

By Lieutenant Commander Thomas J. Cutler, U.S. Navy (Retired)

Agony and Death on a Gold Rush Steamer: The Disastrous Sinking of the Side-Wheeler Yankee Blade

Donald G. Knight and Eugene D. Wheeler.

Ventura, CA: Pathfinder Publishing, 1990. 135 pp. Photos, lllus. Maps. Append. Notes. Bib. Ind.

$8.95 ($8.05) paper.

This concise book recounts the grounding and subsequent loss of one of Cornelius Vander­bilt’s gold rush vessels. Professional salvor Harvey Harrington says it captures “the spirit of the times, the hazards of sea navigation, the treachery of human greed, and the triumph of human courage.”

Arctic Leverage: Canadian Sovereignty and Security

Nathaniel French Caldwell, Jr. Westport, CT:

Praeger Publishers, 1990. 144 pp. Figs. Append- Notes. Bib. Ind. $37.95 ($34.15).

The interrelationship of Canada and the United States in the Arctic region is an interesting one: Canada is a geostrategic buffer between two superpowers. Caldwell (a U.S. naval offi­cer) recounts the historical development of sovereignty in Canadian defense policy and analyzes this relationship.

Dangerous Capabilities: Paul Nitze and the Cold War

David Callahan. New York: Edward Burlingame hooks, 1990. 590 pp. Photos. Maps. Notes. Bib. ■nd. $24.95 ($22.45).

Primarily a biography of Paul Nitze, this book ■s also a history of the Cold War, because Nitze played a significant behind-the-scenes role in the formulation and execution of U.S. foreign policy for most of the period. Despite his lack of fame, he had significant, some­times tempestuous, dealings with notables ^such as Douglas MacArthur, John Foster Dul- >«, John F. Kennedy, and Henry Kissinger.

Fatal Voyage: The Sinking of the USS Indianapolis

Dan Kurzman. New York: Atheneum, 1990.

344 pp. Photos. Maps. Append. Notes. Bib. Ind. ^$>9.95 ($17.95).

Dn 30 July 1945, with the end of World War II only days away, the cruiser USS Indianapolis (CA-35) was sunk by a Japanese submarine. Losing nearly three-quarters of her 1,200-man crew, the Indianapolis sinking has been called the worst disaster in U.S. naval history. The survivors faced five days of incredible emo- honal and physical trauma and the captain be­came the first U.S. commanding officer to be court-martialed for losing his ship in battle. After more than a hundred interviews and re­search into thousands of documents (many of them previously classified), Kurzman has written a fresh look at the sinking itself and its almost equally tragic aftermath.

The French Admiral: A Midshipman Alan Lewrie Adventure

Dewey Lambdin. New York: Donald I. Fine,

1990. 414 pp. Maps. $19.95 ($17.95).

This second installment in a growing series about Alan Lewrie, a midshipman in the Royal Navy at the time of the American Revolution, is as colorful, historically accurate, and ribald as the first (The King’s Coat [Donald I. Fine, 1989]). This time Lewrie’s service in His Majesty’s frigate Desperate carries him into the Battle of Yorktown and a series of misad­ventures. The reader travels on an exciting, vicarious jaunt through the world of 18th- century warfare.

The German Navy at War 1935-1945:

The U-Boat, Vol. 2.

Siegfried Breyer and Gerhard Koop. West Chester, PA: Schiffer Publishing, 1989. 182 pp. Photos. Illus. Maps. Append. Bib. $39.95 ($35.95).

Volume II in this series, this heavily illustrated book depicts the many aspects of submarine warfare under the Third Reich. An extensive section on the harbors and supply bases used to support U-boat operations is what makes the book unique.

23 The Naval Institute Guide to the Soviet Navy: Fifth Edition

Norman Polmar. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1990. 608 pp. Photos. Illus. Maps. Append. Notes. Ind. $49.95 ($39.96).

Despite the many radical changes within the Soviet Union, the Soviet Navy remains a force in being. And this latest edition of military analyst Norman Polmar’s seminal work re­veals more than ever about this potent mari­time force. Heavily illustrated with line draw­ings, maps, and photographs, it includes up-to-date essays on such topics as the demise of the Sverdlov-class cruisers and 30 subma­rines of various classes, descriptions of the newest aircraft carriers, and analysis of the lat­est changes in Soviet submarine technology. Appendices include the order of battle since 1945, leaders of the Soviet Navy, and naval ship transfers to other nations.

Sea Changes: American Foreign Policy in a World Transformed

Nicholas X. Rizopoulos, editor. New York:

Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1990. 304 pp. Notes. $17.95 ($16.15) paper.

Sixteen original essays look beyond the imme­diate concerns of the radical changes in the Eastern bloc to focus upon the strategic impact of an emerging global economy, the problems and new developments in the Third World, and the erosion of strategic bipolarity. Former Sec­retary of Defense Harold Brown refers to this book as "a serious, comprehensive, and fresh look at the shape of the post-Cold War world.”

Uncle Sam’s Brides: The World of Military Wives

Betty Alt and Bonnie Stone. New York: Walker & Company, 1990. 225 pp. Gloss. Notes. Bib. Ind. $19.95 ($17.95).

Based upon interviews with military wives, the authors (military wives themselves) de­scribe how the military reacts to family crises, how wives affect their husbands' promotions, the frustrations of having to abandon their own careers to meet the peripatetic demands of their husbands’ profession, and many other unique aspects of military life. Favorable crit­ics describe this book as one that “pulls no punches,” that should be “required reading for every current or prospective military wife,” and that accurately describes “military wives as another abused forgotten minority population.”

Watchstanding Guide for the Merchant Officer

Robert J. Meurn. Centreville, MD: Cornell Maritime Press, 1990. 248 pp. Photos. Maps.

Figs. Append. Ind. $27.50 ($24.75).

With illustrative case-studies and chapters on rules of the road, shipboard emergencies, voy­age planning, record keeping, shiphandling, and a host of other relevant topics, this com­prehensive guide does for the merchant officer

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what the Naval Institute's Watch Officer’s Guide (1986) does for the naval officer.

World War II in the Mediterranean, 1942-1945

Carlo D'Este. Chapel Hill. NC: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill, 1990. 240 pp. Photos. Maps. Bib. Ind. $22.95 ($20.65).

One of a series on major battles and cam­paigns, this volume recounts and analyzes the actions in this often-overlooked but significant theater. “Colonel D’Este,” writes series edi­tor John S. D. Eisenhower in his introduction.

"has struck a fine balance between evaluating the high-level direction of war and describing the horrors of the fighting.”

Video               __________

Hot Flying

Aviation Week and Space Technology. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1990. 60 min. Color. Hi-Fi Stereo. VHS. $24.95.

One of a new series of Aviation Week Videos, this film contains some of aviation’s most dra­matic moments, including the crash of a MiG- 29 at the Paris Air Show, gun-camera footage of the kill of a Libyan MiG-23 by U.S. fight­ers, and a cockpit-view of an incredible aerobatic demonstration. Aviators will relive old memories watching this film and nonflyers will better appreciate some of the intense phys­ical stress and dangers that pilots must endure during such maneuvers.

Other Titles of Interest____

American Defense Annual, 1990-1991

Joseph Kruzel, editor. Lexington, MA: D. C. Heath, 1990. 329 pp. Photos. Tables. Figs. Gloss. Ind. $44.00 ($39.60).

Benedict Arnold: Patriot and Traitor

Willard Sterne Randall. New York: William Morrow, 1990. 665 pp. Photos, lllus. Maps. Notes. Bib. Ind. $25.00 $22.50).

Campaign Ribbons

John R. Simmons. Manhattan, KS: Sunflower

University Press, 1990. 188 pp. Photos, lllus. Maps. Append. Ind. $14.95 ($13.45).

Defense Acquisition Management

George Sammet, Jr., and David E. Green. Boca Raton, FL: Florida Atlantic University Press, 1990. 498 pp. Tables. Figs. Append. Gloss. Ind. $59.95.

Glorious Defiance: Last Stands Throughout History

Dennis Karl. New York: Paragon House, 1990. 237 pp. Bib. Ind. $22.95 ($20.65).

The Gulf War: Regional and International Dimensions

Hanns Maull and Otto Pick, editors. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1989. 203 pp. Ta­bles. Figs. Chron. Notes. $45.00 ($40.50).

Legitimacy and Commitment in the Military

Thomas C. Wyatt and Reuven Gal, editors. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990. 217 pp. Tables. Figs. Bib. Ind. $39.95 ($35.95).

New Thinking in Soviet Military Policy

Christoph Bluth. New York: Council on For­eign Relations Press, 1990. 188 pp. Key­Notes. $14.95 ($13.45).

Top Teams

Katsuhiko Tokunaga. Charlottesville, VA: Howell Press, 1989. Photos. $34.95 ($31.45).

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The Navy’s Reading List

Proceedings recently asked every ac­tive-duty Navy flag officer two questions: Which three books most influenced you, and which three books that you have read recently would you recommend to young professionals?

Below is a list of the books that most influenced unrestricted-line admirals. Books most often cited are listed first; books that tied are listed alphabetically.

Later we will publish the names of re­cent books the unrestricted-line admirals suggest, and then the results of our poll of restricted-line officers. Then we plan to reveal the books held in esteem by Coast Guard and Marine Corps flag officers.

Received at Least 100 Points

The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783

Alfred Thayer Mahan. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company, 1918. 557 pp. $24.95 ($22.45). America's most famous naval historian con­ceives his thesis that sea power is the source of the strength and prosperity of a maritime na­tion. He draws heavily from the history of British successes and failures at sea. The book influenced the buildup of navies of Germany, Japan, Italy, and the United States before World War I.

S3 Nimitz

E. B. Potter. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1976. 507 pp. $24.95 ($19.96).

Biography of World War 11 admiral's youth, his early and postwar appointments; discusses William Halsey, Husband Kimmel, Douglas MacArthur, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Harry S Truman.

Art of War

Sun-tzu. Translated by Thomas Cleary. Boston: Shambhala, Random House, 1988. 172 pp. $9.95 ($8.95) paper.

Compiled more than 2,000 years ago by a Chi­nese warrior-philosopher, this is the most du­rable book on warfare ever written.

On War

Karl von Clausewitz. Translated by O. J. Matthijis Jolles. New York: The Modem Library, 1943. 641 Pp. Order directly from publisher.

The monumental and much-cited study of war °n land, in both its theoretical and pragmatic aspects. Includes statecraft, strategy, moral dements; the means, uses, and effects of bat­he; and attack and defense relationships.

23 Sea Power: A Naval History, 2nd edition

E. B. Potter, editor. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1981. 419 pp. $23.95 ($19.16). Covers naval history from the Greeks and Romans to post-Vietnam; stresses strategy, tactics, and weapons development.

American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur, 1860-1964

William Raymond Manchester. Boston: Little,

Brown and Company, 1978. 793 pp. $29.95 ($26.95).

A scholarly but readable and complete biogra­phy of General Douglas MacArthur, covering his childhood. West Point days, his triumphs in World War II, his roles in postwar Japan and the Korean War, and his last years.

Received at Least 50 Points Bible

The holy book of Judaism and Christianity.

EE The Caine Mutiny: A Novel of World War II

Herman Wouk. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1987. 616 pp. $27.95 ($22.36).

In this Pulitzer-Prize-winning novel filled with leadership lessons, naval officers on board the USS Caine mutiny against Captain Queeg at the height of a typhoon, and are court- martialed.

Price of Admiralty: The Evolution of Naval Warfare

John Keegan. New York: Viking, 1988. 292 pp. $21.95 ($19.75) hardcover, $9.95 ($8.95) paper. The chief defense correspondent at the Daily Telegraph discusses how and why people fight at sea and how technology has altered the face of naval conflict since the days of Admiral Horatio Nelson.

131 Command at Sea, 4th edition

VAdm. William P. Mack, USN (Ret.) and Cdr. Albert H. Konetzni, USN. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1982. 519 pp. $19.95 ($15.96). This classic handbook outlines the organiza­tion, rules, and regulations that a commander of a Navy ship needs.

EE The Quiet Warrior: A Biography of Admiral Raymond A. Spruance

Thomas B. Buell. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1987. 518 pp. $27.95 ($22.36).

The definitive biography of Admiral Spru­ance, who led the Allied offense in the Central Pacific in World War II, commanding the larg­est, most powerful naval fleet in history. Spru­ance was characterized by his correct estimates and wise decisions in battle: aggressive when necessary and cautious when prudent.

History of United States Naval Operations in World War II: 14 volumes

Samuel Eliot Morison. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1975. Whole set: $375.00 ($337.50). Commissioned as a naval officer by Franklin Roosevelt so he could write an accurate history of the war, the author describes the naval war from the Battle of the Atlantic (volume i) to Victory in the Pacific (volume XIV).

Silent Victory: The U.S. Submarine War Against Japan

Clay Blair. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, 1975.

1072 pp.*

Story of the U.S. submarine offensive against Japanese merchant shipping and naval forces during World War II.

Horatio Hornblower (Series of Ten Books)

C. S. Forester. New York: Bantam Books This series, lively reading yet full of leader­ship principles, follows fictitious Admiral Horatio Hornblower from his midshipman days to his battles against the French Republic and Empire at the climax of fighting Napoleon Bonaparte under sail.

Knight’s Modern Seamanship, 18th edition

Revised by Capt. John V. Noel, Jr., USN (Ret.). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company,

1988. 624 pp. $46.95 ($42.25).

Used by yachtsmen and members of the armed forces alike, this timeless manual contains de­finitive answers to questions on ships, boats, and the sea.

Lee's Lieutenants: A Study in Command,

3. volumes

Douglas Southall Freeman. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1942-44. $18.95 ($17.05).

An analysis of the leadership styles of the men serving under General Robert E. Lee.

United States and World Sea Power

Henry H. Adams, et al. E. B. Potter, editor. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. 1955.*

An analysis of the emergence of U.S. naval power, the influence of sea power on history, and the relationship between the development of naval weapons and the evolution of naval tactics.

Received al Least 30 Points

GB Run Silent, Run Deep

Edward L. Beach. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1986. 343 pp. $27.95 ($22.36).

Battle of wits between two officers on a sub­marine fighting the Japanese in World War II.

At Dawn We Slept: The Untold Story of Pearl Harbor

Gordon W. Prange. New York: Penguin Books, 1982. 873 pp. $14.95 ($13.45) paper.

The story of Pearl Harbor from both the U.S.. and Japanese points of view. Prange looks at the minds and personalities of the leaders from the planning of the attack to its aftermath.

® John Paul Jones: A Sailor’s Biography

Samuel Eliot Morison. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1989. 300 pp. $27.95 ($22.36).

An award-winning biography of the first U.S. naval hero, warts and all. A superb character study with plenty of dash and saltwater to carry it along.

Message to Garcia: Being A Preachment

Elbert Hubbard. East Aurora, NY: The House of Hubbard, 1889. 11 pp.*

An essay about Colonel Andrew Rowan, who delivered a message to Garcia, the Cuban gue­rilla leader, during the Spanish-American War. Hubbard’s point is that people willing to carry out a mission without fuss or delay are invaluable to any organization.

Street Without Joy: Indochina at War, 1946-54

Bernard B. Fall. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole, 1961. 332 pp.*

A study of key events in the French-Indochina War. Fall zeros in on the French failure to match Vietnamese mobility in the jungle; the French misused modem equipment—a fatal defect.

ES The Naval War of 1812

Theodore Roosevelt. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1987. 480 pp. $27.95 ($26.36).

In his first book, Roosevelt writes a solid his­tory of the embryonic U.S. Navy.

Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin and Selections from His Writings

Benjamin Franklin. New York: Random House,

1944 . 264 pp.*

The statesman/inventor/publisher’s humorous and readable account about the first half of his life.

The Captain

Jan de Hartog. New York: Atheneum, 1988. 431 pp. $19.95 ($17.95).

A vivid, realistic, and moving novel about a Dutch tugboat master involved in Atlantic con­voys during World War II.

Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution

Simon Schama. New York; Knopf, 1989. 948 pp. $29.95 ($26.95).

Author argues that the French Revolution was caused more by people’s hostility toward mod­ernization than by their impatience with the speed of change.

Clear the Bridge! The War Patrols of the U.S.S. Tang

Richard O’Kane. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally,

1977. 480 pp. $24.95 ($22.45).

The commander of the USS Tang (SS-306) tells about the submarine, which sank the sec­ond most ships during World War II before she suffered a number of casualties when she was destroyed by a torpedo.

Command of the Sea: The History and Strategy of Maritime Empires, 2 Volumes

Clark G. Reynolds. New York: Morrow, 1974.

642 pp. Vol. 1: $28.50 ($25.65), Vol. 2: $29.50 ($26.55).

A sweeping look at naval history and the con­cept of sea power from 2000 B.C. to post­World War II. Reynolds argues that since na­tions orient their political, economic, and mili­tary lives according to the geographic positions of other nations, strong navies are essential.

131 The Future of Sea Power

Eric Grove. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1990. 256 pp. $27.95 ($22.36).

The author discusses modern maritime strat­egy and advances a new, all-encompassing empirical theory of sea power.

The General

C. S. Forester. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1964 . 263 pp. $16.95 ($15.25).

The story of a stolid, unimaginative British lieutenant-general and the forces he commands in World War I. Moderately successful, he leads his troops in a slow and steady manner, but is defeated by the Germans in his final and climactic battle.

Hell in a Very Small Place: The Siege of Dien Bien Phu

Bernard B. Fall. New York: Da Capo Press, 1985. 515 pp. $13.95 paper.

Story of the French Union garrison’s defense of a small town in the northeastern comer of Vietnam; the French spent $10 billion on its defense, lost, and as a result France withdrew from Indochina.

Mask of Command

John Keegan. New York: Viking, 1987. 368 pp. ’ $18.95 ($17.05).

To analyze the concept of the hero in the nu­clear world, Keegan surveys historical West­ern leaders, including Alexander the Great, the Duke of Wellington, General Ulysses S. Grant, and Adolf Hitler. Modern leaders, con- ' eludes Keegan, should not act heroically.

Peloponnesian Wars

Thucydides. J. S. Rusten, editor. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1982. 261 pp. $44.50 ($40.05) hardcover, $18.95 .($17.05) paper.

The Greek historian and general analyzes the Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 B.C.), the per­sonalities, and the influence of sea power on the rise and fall of the Athenian empire.

The Relations of Nations

Frederick H. Hartmann. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company, 1983. 675 pp. $57.00 ($51.30).

This textbook, written by a professor at the Naval War College, examines how and why nations choose to pursue particular foreign , policies and the decision-making processes involved in these choices.

The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations

Samuel P. Huntington. Cambridge, MA: Harvard 1 University Press, 1981. 552 pp. $14.00 ($12.60).

The author writes about the division of respon­sibility between civil and military groups, the tradition of apolitical professionalism in the U.S. officer corps, and how, with the onset of the Cold War, the separation between these two factions became more blurred because of congressional interest in the military.

The Source

James Michener. New York: Random House,

1965. 909 pp. $35.00 ($31.50).

Novel of archaeologists excavating a site in Israel. The mins they discover range from those of conquerors from 12,000 years ago to those who established the state of Israel.

Strategy

Basil Liddell Hart. New York: Frederick A.

Prager, 1974. 448 pp. $4.95 paper.

The author overviews the history of strategy as it influenced conflicts from the 5th century B.C. to World War II, as a vehicle to advance his thesis of maneuver warfare’s superiority.

Two-Ocean War: A Short History of the United States Navy in the Second World War

Samuel Eliot Morison. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1963. 611 pp. $37.50 ($33.75).

Morison covers the most important battles and campaigns of World War II, while discussing the differences between this war and the “one- ocean war” (World War I).

War Through the Ages, 3rd edition

Lynn Montross. New York: Harper, I960.*

Spanning the classical age of Greece through World War II, the author looks at the history of war, focusing on important battles and the importance of weapons.

Received at Least 20 Points

Admiral Sims and the Modern American Navy

Elting E. Morison. New York: Russell and Russell, 1968.*

Admiral William S. Sims for 20 months com­manded the largest U.S. fighting force in World War 1. He was a reformist, concerned about naval gunnery and fire control, problems with the Navy promotion system, and educa­tion at the Naval Academy.

American Practical Navigator

Nathaniel Bowditch. Washington, DC: Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic Center, 1975. 716 PP- $31.00.

The classic handbook of tables, formulas, and data entry navigators needs to perform various computations associated with navigation. Biography of Lee, Four Volumes

Douglas Southall Freeman. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1934-35.*

In telling of Lee’s life, this noted historian of­fers insight into his strategy, campaigns and great qualities of leadership.

Caravans

James Michener. New York: Random House,

1963. 341 pp. $29.95 ($26.95).

Michener’s novel about the search for an American woman in Afghanistan is set against the backdrop of Middle East politics. Commander In Chief: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, His Lieutenants, and Their War

Eric Larrabee. New York: Harper and Row, 1987. ^23 pp. S25.00 ($22.50) hardcover, $12.95 paper. Roosevelt took an unprecedented role in di­recting U.S. strategy in World War 11 through his subordinates and their decisions.

A Different Kind of War: The Little- Known Story of the Combined Guerrilla Forces Created in China by the U.S.

Navy and China During World War II

VAdm. Milton E. Miles, USN. Prepared by Hawthorne Daniel from an original manuscript.

New York: Doubleday, 1967. 629 pp.*

The story of the U.S.-Sino cooperative organi­zation formed during World War 11 to prepare for the landing of U.S. forces in China. The author emphasizes that people-to-people con­frontations are sometimes more important than tactical warfare.

Electronic Warfare: From the Battle of Tsushima to the Falklands and Lebanon Conflicts

Mario de Arcangelis. Dorset, England: Blandsford Press, 1985. 320 pp. Order directly from Publisher.

The history of electronic warfare and its use in both small-scale conflicts and all-out war from 1^05 to the present.

Endurance: Shackleton’s Incredible Voyage

New York: Carroll and Graf Publishers, 1986. 282 PP- $8.95 paper.

The Endurance, attempting an Antarctic expe­dition in 1914-15 was trapped and crushed in the ice. This book tells the gripping and true ^tale of the struggle for survival of her men, led hy Sir Ernest Shackleton.

her men, led by Sir Ernest Shackleton.

Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis

Graham T. Allison. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1971. 338 pp. $13.95 ($12.55) paper.

The author studies the U.S. political and mili­tary decisions during the Cuban missile crisis. He concludes that a rational model of decision­making is inadequate to describe executive decision processes, and offers alternative ana­lytical approaches.

Europe: Country by Country, An Evocation of the Spirit, Politics,

Personality, History and Future of Europe

Flora Lewis. New York: Simon and Schuster,

1987. 640 pp. $10.95 paper.

A reference book summarizing the geopoliti­cal, cultural, and economic aspects of Euro­pean countries.

S3 Fleet Tactics: Theory and Practice

Capt. Wayne P. Hughes, USN (Ret.) Annapolis,

MD: Naval Institute Press, 1986. 316 pp. $24.95 ($19.96).

This book stresses history, tactical study, and fleet operations, and discusses how modem battle fleet operations could be formulated and planned.

From Beirut to Jerusalem

Thomas L. Friedman. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1989. 525 pp. $19.95 ($17.95) hardcover, $12.95 paper.

This foreign correspondent writes of his trav­els through the Middle East and the struggles of people caught in the past but trying to_ forge new identities.

Game Plan: A Geostrategic Framework for the Conduct of the U.S.-Soviet Contest         •

Zbigniew Brzezinski. Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1986. 288 pp. $18.95 ($17.05) hardcover, $8.95 ($8.05) paper.

The author outlines why he believes the U.S.- Soviet rivalry is not temporary, but a histori­cal, continuing game that probably will not be resolved through war, because each side fears retaliation.

History of the English-Speaking Peoples,

4. Volumes

Winston S. Churchill. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1956-58.*

An eloquent study of how the English-speak­ing people have achieved and retained their distinct character from the beginning of time through the European discovery of the New World, the Victorian Age, and the First and Second World Wars.

In Search of Excellence: Lessons From America’s Best Run Companies

Thomas J. Peters & Robert H. Waterman, Jr. New York: Harper & Row, 1982. 360 pp. $12.95 ($11.65).

The authors of this best-seller focus on what such prospering companies as McDonald’s, IBM, and 3M were doing right: practicing common sense by listening to their customers, implementing hands-on management, and de­livering service and quality.

The Killer Angels

Michael Shaara. New York: Ballatinc Books.

1974. 355 pp. $19.95 ($17.95) hardcover, $5.95 ($5.35) paper.

Pulitzer-prize-winning novel of the Battle of Gettysburg told from the viewpoint of Gener­als Robert E. Lee and William Longstreet.

The Last Lion: Winston Spencer Churchill, 2 Volumes

William Manchester. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1988. Vol. 1: $24.95 ($22.45), Vol. 2: $25.00 ($22.50).

The first two highly acclaimed volumes— covering the years up to 1940—in a projected three-volume biography of Winston Spencer Churchill’s personal and political life.

Maritime Strategy, Geopolitics and the Defense of the West

Colin S. Gray. New York: Ramapo Press, 1986.

85 pp. $8.95 paper.

An analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the Navy’s maritime strategy.

Master of Sea Power: A Biography of Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King

Thomas B. Buell. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1980. 609 pp.*

The biography of the most powerful naval offi­cer in U.S. history, who served as Chief of Naval Operations from 1942-46.

On Watch: A Memoir

Adm. Elmo R. Zumwalt, Jr., USN (Ret.). New York: Quandrangle/New York Times Book Company, 1976. 568 pp.*

Admiral Elmo Zumwalt writes of his 1970-74 tenure as Chief of Naval Operations and his attempts to modernize and improve the morale of the U.S. Navy.

Patriot Games

Tom Clancy. New York: Berkeley, 1988. 503 pp. $19.95 ($17.95) hardcover, $5.95 paper.

CIA agent Jack Ryan and his family are swept into a web of terrorism by the IRA.

Patton Papers, 1885-1945, 2 volumes

Martin Blumenson. Boston: Houghton Milflin Company, 1974. Each vol: $40.00 ($36.00).

The letters and diaries of General George S. Patton from his days as a soldier, to readying his men for battle in World War II, to his death in 1945.

Practicing History

Barbara W. Tuchman. New York: Knopf, 1981.

306 pp. $16.50 ($14.85) hardcover, $8.95 ($8.05) paper.

The author examines the craft and yield of his­tory and how we can learn from it, using ex­amples from the 20th century. She concludes that history must be written from what was known and understood at the time, not from what is believed in hindsight.

The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict From 1500 to 2000

Paul Kennedy. New York: Random House, 1987. 677 pp. $24.95 ($22.45) hardcover, $12.95 ($11.65) paper.

The relative strengths of the great powers go

WEAPONS THAT WAIT

Mine Warfare in the U. S. Navy, updated Edition

by Gregory K. Hartmann with Scott C. Truver

This book offers the most comprehensive survey of the development and use of mine warfare ever published. The first update in twelve years, this new edition is particularly significant because it provides detailed coverage of the 1980s, a decade that experienced a renaissance of U.S. naval mine and countermine development and numerous mine related incidents in the Middle East. Many new photographs and illustrations are presented, as well as a new appendix of all current mine warfare systems.

SPECIAL 25% OFF USNI MEMBERS-ONLY PREPUBLICATION OFFER (Now through 28 February 1991)

IT S EASY TO ORDER! Call our toll-free number to order your examination copy of Weapons That Wait. We ll send your book along with an invoice for $22.46 plus $3.50 postage charge (plus 5% sales tax for Mary­land residents). Take 10 days to look it over. If you are not satisfied with your order, write CANCEL across the invoice and return the book and invoice to us. TOLL-FREE 1-800-233-8764 InMD: 301-224-J378/9, Mon-Fri:8-4EST

The authors’ descriptions and analyses of recent U.S. mine warfare initiatives are without parallel in unclassified references, and the plan they offer to help sustain the development of mine warfare deserves attention. Publication date: March 1991- 345 pages. 73 illustrations. Appendixes. Index. 6x9 inches. ISBN 1-55750-350-8. List price: $29.95.

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