Biographies of Authors

How Will We Man the Fleets?

Total Force

The Potential Battle of the Atlantic

Brayton Harris

Captain, U.S. Naval Reserve (Retired)

Now retired, Captain Harris was special assistant for public affairs to the Chief of Naval Personnel from September 1976 until the end of 1978. He served as a surface line officer in the Frank E. Evans (DD 754), Oriskany (CVA 34), Kearsarge (CVA 33), and Taluga (AO 62). He was graduated from the University of Illinois with a B.A. in Rhetoric and Composition and was commissioned in 1953 through the NROTC program at that university. He has since studied at UCLA, San Francisco State College, and George Washington University. In 1965 he was redesignated as a public affairs specialist and served in various public affairs billets, including at U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, in Saigon. He was also assistant chief of information (plans and programs), Navy Department. Captain Harris is the author of The Age of the Battleship: 1890-1922, (Franklin Watts, 1965) and of Johann Gutenberg and the Invention of Printing, (Franklin Watts, 1970). He now owns a publishing company, The Vagrant Press, in Reston, Virginia.

Admiral Zumwalt, graduated Cum Laude from the Naval Academy in 1942, served in three destroyers during World War II. At the war’s end he was prize crew officer of the Japanese gunboat Ataka, captured at the mouth of the Yangtze River. He served as navigator of the battleship Wisconsin (BB 64), commanded the Naval Reserve training ship Tills (DE 748), and commanded the destroyer Arnold J. Isbell (DD 869). He also served as the first commanding officer of the first ship in the U.S. Navy built from the keel up as a guided missile ship, the Dewey (DLG 14). He served as director, arms control office, in the Office of the Secretary of Defense in 1961-62 and thereafter as executive assistant to Secretary of the Navy Paul Nitze, followed by a two- year tour as Commander Cruiser- Destroyer Flotilla Seven. Two years as the director of the CNO's systems analysis group were followed by a tour as Commander U.S. Naval Forces Vietnam and Chief of the Naval Advisory Group in Vietnam. In 1970 he began a four-year term as Chief of Naval Operations. He has written one book. On Watch, published shortly after his retirement. The first of his several articles in the Proceedings was published in November 1958. He continues to write frequently on naval and other defense subjects. Currently he is head of American Medical Buildings, Inc., with headquarters in Milwaukee.

Currently deputy chief of staff for operations and intelligence for NATO’s Allied Command Atlantic, Rear Admiral Swarztrauber has served in amphibious ships and commands, in a carrier, a cruiser, and in two destroyers. In addition, he commanded a third destroyer, the Decatur (DDG 31). He commanded River Squadron Five and Task Force Clearwater in Vietnam. He later commanded one of the Navy’s six recruiting areas. He served two tours in OpNav, in logistics (Op-43) and strategic planning (Op-60), and was an advisor to the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff. He was graduated from Maryville College, Maryville, Tennessee, in 1951, with a B.S. in business administration; from OCS as an ensign, USNR, in 1952; as first in his class from General Line School in I960; and from American University with an M.A. in 1963 and a Ph.D. in 1970, both in international studies. He has written two essays previously in Naval Review, the first of which was "Alaska and Siberia: A Strategic Analysis,” in 1965. He has also written three articles and two book reviews for the Proceedings, as well as articles for a number of other periodicals. In 1972 the Naval Institute published his book. The Three-Mile Limit of Territorial Seas. In 1973 he won the Naval Institute’s bronze medal in the annual prize essay contest and the following year he won the Navy League’s Alfred Thayer Mahan Award for literary achievement.

Biographies of Authors

Liberty cannot be preserved without a general knowledge among the people.

Let us dare to read, think, speak, and write.

John AdamsTwo Anchors in the Pacific

The Central Issues of Sea-Based Aviation

Speed in Modern Warships

Surface Warships Against Submarines

Kenneth R. McGruther

Lieutenant Commander, U.S. Navy

Lieutenant Commander McGruther was graduated from Dartmouth College in 1965 and received his master’s degree in political science (strategic studies) from Brown University in June 1978. He has served in the USS Loyalty (MSO-457), USS Hissem (DER-400), USS Roark (FF-1053), and USS Leahy (CG-16). He has also had a tour with the Office of the CNO and was graduated with distinction from the Naval War College in 1974. He recently served on the Naval Force Planning Study which produced "Sea Plan 2000" before reporting to his current assignment as executive officer of the USS Joseph Strauss (DDG-16). Lieutenant Commander McGruther was the first winner of the Admiral Colbert Memorial Professional Prize Essay and has had articles published in the Naval War College Review and the Proceedings. Among these was "The Dilemma of the U. S. Pacific Fleet" (June 1978 Proceedings) which won first honorable mention in the General Prize Essay Contest.

R. James Woolsey is Under Secretary of the Navy. He was graduated from Stanford University in 1963 and then attended Oxford University on a Rhodes Scholarship until 1965, graduating with an M.A. In 1968 he was graduated from Yale Law School with an LL.B. At Yale he was managing editor of the Yale Law Journal. Receiving a reserve commission in the U.S. Army through the ROTC program, Mr. Woolsey entered on active duty in August 1968, serving as a program analyst in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and as an advisor on the U.S. delegation to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks in Helsinki and Vienna. Later, Mr. Woolsey was assigned by the Department of Defense to the National Security Council Staff before beginning work in December 1970 as General Counsel to the United States Senate Committee on Armed Services. He served in the latter position until 1973. He was subsequently associated with the law firm of Shea and Gardner in Washington, D. C., until he assumed his current position in March 1977. Mr. Woolsey is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and has served on the Stanford University Board of Trustees. He is a member of the bar of Washington, D. C., and of the State of California.

Norman Friedman is a theoretical physicist at the Hudson Institute, Croton-on-Hudson, New York, specializing in the analysis of naval and military technological problems. He has spent much of his time in studies of the U.S.-Soviet naval balance. Dr. Friedman’s series of naval studies at the Institute began with a project on technology and tactics for “non- standard” wars at sea, including a series of scenarios, for The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. He later co-authored a Naval War College study on “Intelligence Support for Over-the-Horizon Missile Combat,” which included analysis of Soviet naval missile systems and tactics, and more recently has studied possible Soviet reactions to U.S. naval innovation, both tactical and technical, in the light of the inertias inherent in the Soviet political and economic system. In additiorr. Dr. Friedman is engaged in a technical history of U.S. aircraft carrier design for the U.S. Naval Ship Engineering Center; it is particularly concerned with the interaction of naval technology and U.S. naval tactics and strategy, both in carrier and in naval aircraft design. Recent publications include “C3 War at Sea,” in Naval Review 1977, and a book on battleship design as a study in technological trade-offs (Battleship Design and Development. 1905-1945, published in 1979 in London and New York).

William D. Taylor

Captain, U.S. Navy (Retired)

Following his simultaneous graduation from the University of California at Berkeley and his commissioning as an ensign in February 1943, Captain Taylor reported to submarine school and then to the USS Cero (SS 225) in which he made six war patrols. Thereafter followed a career which included service in both submarines and surface ships, as well as in a carrier and on the staffs of carrier division commanders. He served successively afloat in the Amberjack (SS 522), Segundo (SS 398), Gyatt (DD 712), and Valley Forge (CVS 45), interspersed with tours ashore. From 1958 to I960 he was CO of the Rich (DD 820) and then spent two years as director surface and subsurface plans and doctrine for Commander Carrier Division 16/ ComHukForLant. From then until 1965 he was in Op 07 (ASW R & D program evaluation) in Washington. Three tours afloat followed, all in ASW, as Commander Destroyer Division 202, as chief of staff to Commander ASW Carrier Division 14, and as Commander Destroyer Squadron 8. His final tour before retiring in 1973 was as director plans and programs division in Op 095, in Washington. Since that time he has been a consultant to various firms mainly in command and control and in ASW mattersFuture War and the U S. Coast Guard

ptai_n Larzelere is the Chief of -f^ch and Rescue in the Seventh ^°ast Guard District in Miami. After

pj^ct'°n operations in the Strait of ^0r‘da from 1973 to 1975. He is ^Cr^dited with seizing two drug vessels °ⁿ his first patrol. This was the sub- ^Iect °f an article in the January 1975 ^ISSUe of the Proceedings. His staff assignments have included tours in three ° ^1Ces at Coast Guard Headquarters, ^Washington, D. C.

.     1968, he was graduated a       Dis-

^guished Student from the Naval ^ ^ar College and received a Master of ^lence degree in International Affairs

°rn George Washington University, ne '

graduating from the Coast Guard Academy i_n 1958, he served in the ^Androscoggin (WHEC-68). He next ^^erved as commanding officer of the ■foot rescue cutter Cape Shoal water then commanded the Loran Sta- ^tl0n on the island of Molokai, Hawaii. ^ tour aboard the JJnimak (WHEC _f⁷⁸) was cut short when he was trans- ^erred to Vietnam in 1965. There, he ^c°nimanded successively the 82-foot P^atrol boats Point Comfort and Point ^anks. He later served as operations °fficer of Division Eleven in the Gulf ⁰ Thailand. After a tour at Seattle, he *^as selected in 1971 as the first Coast ^Guard Aide to the President and ^Served at the White House until He commanded the Courageous ⁽^MEC 622) conducting drug inter-

\_v. ^{,s a} 1978 graduate of the National ^War College.

Commander Baker is currently public affairs officer, ComSixthFlt staff. He was a 1963 NROTC graduate of Northwestern University. After initial service in the Okinawa (LPH-3), he was designated as a special duty (public affairs) officer in 1965. He attended the University of Wisconsin in 1970, under the Navy’s postgraduate program and holds a master’s degree in journalism. His other duty assignments have included: press officer CinCLant/CinCLantFlt staff, 1965-67; deputy special assistant (public affairs) to the CNO, 1967-68; public affairs officer on the staffs of: Commander Task Force 77, 1968-69; Commander First Fleet, 1971-73; and Commander Third Fleet, 1973-74. He then served as special assistant (public affairs) to the Director Joint Staff of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1974-77, prior to attending the Naval War College, where he was graduated with distinction in June 1978. He has been a con- tributer to the U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings and this is the second year Commander Baker has prepared the chronology of events for the Naval Re