Book Reviews & Book List

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The Zeppelin in Combat

By Douglas Robinson. London: G. T. Foulis & Co., 1962. Illustrated. Glossary. Bibliography. Appendices. 404 pages. 63/-

RE VIE WED BY

Captain S. W. Roskill, D.S.C., Royal Navy (Retired)

(Captain Roskill is a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge, England, Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, author of The War at Sea, the official history of the British Navy in World War II, and of many other books and articles on naval history and sea warfare in­cluding White Ensign, published by the U. S. Naval Institute. He has contributed several articles and book re­views to the Proceedings.)

From the start of Count Zeppelin’s experi­ments in 1898 until the destruction of the Hindenburg (over Lakehurst, New Jersey in 1937) the rigid airship attracted many ardent, even passionate devotees in Britain and America, as well as in Germany. But it was always the Germans who led the field, in de­sign as well as in operation; and the peace­time accomplishments of such ships as the U. S. Navy’s Shenandoah, the British R.34 and the French IJixmude owed a very great deal to their pioneer work and to the fortunate cap­ture of L.33 in September 1916. Dr. Robinson, now a medical practitioner in New Jersey, became interested in the story of the giant airships as long ago as 1937, and this book is the result of more than 20 years of pains­taking research in many countries, but espe­cially in Germany.

His chief heroes are the crews of the airships who made sortie after sortie “in the slow, monster gas-bags, at the mercy of the elements and inflated with inflammable hydrogen.” Again and again did they see their comrades hurtle earthwards over Britain or into the North Sea in flaming pyres from which the chances of escape were minimal. Yet, led and inspired by Korvettenkapitan Peter

Strasser, Chief of the German Naval Airship Division, who achieved an astonishing ascend­ancy, not only over his own crews but over the highest German war leaders, they carried on right up to Strasser’s own death in L.70 on 5 August 1918. That disaster, following quickly on several others, marked the end of the raids on England “because the driving force behind them was gone.”

How important, in the cold light of history, were the accomplishments of the four score airships built for the German Navy? In terms of material damage done to British cities (assessed at some £1^ million), and the num­ber of people killed (557), they can only, as Dr. Robinson admits, be classed as insignificant. Their contemporary claims were almost in­variably much exaggerated, and only once, when Kapitanleutnant Mathy’s L.13 caused widespread fires in the heart of London in September 1915 was the damage substantial. Indeed Strasser’s ‘mystical identification’ with the airships he commanded, and his blind faith that in them there existed “a cer­tain means of victoriously ending the war’ undoubtedly misled his superiors, caused a considerable waste of precious resources, and led him into such rash ventures as the attacks on London during the short summer nights of 1917. Indeed it is difficult not to feel that

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Strasser’s judgment was often as faulty as that °f the extreme advocates of strategic bombing ^lr> the second World War, who also repeatedly declared that they alone held the key to vic­tory. And his perfervid declarations find a clear echo in statements made 25 years later by such men as Lord Trenchard and Air Marshal Harris. Although in my view the Zeppelin raids on London caused the populace otuch less anxiety and disturbance than the author suggests (I remember how we used to ^run out into the streets to watch the silver ^Clgar-shaped airships caught in the beams of the searchlights), they did undoubtedly forced ^Us to deploy many thousands of men in defen­ce duties. Yet in the sum their whole gallant effort must surely be classed as a failure.

When in 1916 Zeppelins were diverted to ^strategic reconnaissance for the German fleet, they were often frustrated by the North Sea leather and by the inaccuracy of their own navigation. Thus the five sent out before the ^s°rtie that led to the battle of Jutland ac- ^c°mplished nothing; and when the High Seas fleet came out again in August 1916 with the °bject of bombarding Sunderland, L.13 mis- ceported the Harwich Force as the Grand

Fleet, and caused Admiral Scheer to turn back. Yet when the new high-climbing Zeppelins, which were capable of speeds over 60 miles per hour, carried five tons of bombs, and could out-climb all our fighter aircraft, entered service in 1917, we became very anx­ious about their capabilities. “It is astound­ing,” then wrote Admiral Lord Fisher, though not quoted by Dr. Robinson, “how little is realised the Zeppelin menace, and how it militates against the action of the British Grand Fleet.”

The author holds that, once the Germans had embarked on unrestricted U-boat war­fare, the proper role for the Zeppelins was to co-operate with the submarine arm in locating and reporting our shipping. Though later experience of the value of air reconnaissance certainly lends support to his view, one may doubt whether the Zeppelins were an effective instrument for such purposes; and they cer­tainly could not have reached out into the vital focal area of the western approaches to the British Isles.

Of the many interesting points, which emerge from Dr. Robinson’s study, not the least important is the revelation that the

destruction of L.32 on 24 September 1916 yielded to us the new German naval signal book. One may presume that it was this piece of good fortune that enabled us to continue to decipher many enemy messages, since the signal book captured from the stranded Ger­man cruiser Magdeburg early in the war had only recently been changed. Though it was the introduction of incendiary ammunition for aircraft machine guns that spelled the final doom of the Zeppelin as a strategic bomber, it is interesting to learn how often anti-aircraft gunfire, for all the primitiveness of their con­trol systems, damaged or even destroyed them.

Every operation by the Zeppelins, including the little-known Baltic forays of 1917 and the attempted relief of the isolated German forces in East Africa by L.59 in November of that year, is here described in detail, and from both sides’ point of view. The tables, diagrams and appendices give full statistics and technical information, the illustrations are excellently chosen, and one closes Dr. Robinson’s fascinat­ing and authoritative work in the confident knowledge that there is little or nothing more to be said on the subject.

Law and Minimum World Public Order

By Myers S. McDougal and Florentino P. Feliciano. New Haven and London: Yale University Press 1961. 872 pages, $12.50,

REVIEWED BY

Captain Emory C. Smith, U. S. Navy

(iCaptain Smith is Assistant Chief of Staff for Admin­istration and District Legal Officer, Headquarters, Poto­mac River Naval Command. He was formerly Director of the International Law Division in the Office of the Judge Advocate General of the Navy.)

There is no denying that today, in the West­ern mind, if not the Eastern mind as well, there is widespread confusion and anxiety as to the future of the world. There is a pessimism among the peoples of democratic nations ap­parently induced by the seeming propaganda and diplomatic advantages gained by the Communist bloc nations. Confusion, anxiety and pessimism are heightened because of the impression that the Western democracies have no well-defined political goals, whereas the bloc nations advertise world domination as their goal in terms that no one misunder­stands. The average Westerner often feels that

all of the initiative lies with the bloc countries and the Western democracies merely react to the latest bloc maneuvers. How much of this concern is warranted is debatable, but there is no denying its existence and the yearning of all mankind for peaceful solutions to interna­tional disputes, and a reasonably secure and dependable way of life.

The overriding consideration of our times, therefore, is the establishment of a minimum world public order. In the formulation by McDougal and Feliciano, minimum world public order is conceived as the control of unauthorized coercion across state lines. With this conception the authors seek to employ the methods of policy-oriented jurisprudence for outlining means to achieve this goal. They are not satisfied merely with seeking to promote a minimum world public order, but feel that it is possible through the clarification of the basic distinction between aggression (impermissible coercion) and self-defense (permissible coer­cion) to find ways of supporting an optimum of human dignity.

In its fullest import, as pointed out in Pro­fessor Lasswell’s introductory comment to this study, the authors have undertaken the task of remolding jurisprudence into a major instru­ment of science and policy characterized as “value-oriented” jurisprudence. The obvious challenge is for the discovery of policy alterna­tives which, when put to the test, foster the eventual emergence of a public order of free man. The aspiration is Olympian in concept and heartening when contrasted with the bloc ambition of a Communist-dominated world- Here at once the goal is set forth in clear, articulate prose. Nor can it be termed an illusory opiate designed temporarily to soothe the anxiety of Western democracies, since its realism is so commanding as to convince the most hardened pragmatist. Professor Lasswell maintains that, given the scientific and tech­nical juggernaut of today, the position of the authors is impressively sound. As he asserts, “Build at least a minimum public order now- Build mainly by consent and avoid the fratri' cidal destructiveness of general war.” Th^e authors would be the last to suggest that their proposals are a panacea to all that ails the world, and it is implicit in all they say that the process leading toward a minimum world public order will be slow and tortuous.

In methodical fashion the authors have first sought to define the processes of coercion, whether these take the form, for example, of political or economic measures or range up to the employment of military force. In addition, they have attempted to categorize the major recurring types of controversies which raise common issues of policy. With the stage thus set they examine in considerable detail the Present state of the law and doctrines which may influence decision-makers. They point out that in the present stage of technical and scientific development, many of the hallowed doctrines traditionally relied upon may have little, if any, application in contemporary decision-making, or if applicable, they are applicable in different ways. The authors also call attention to the new influences which now tend to place a common responsibility for the maintenance of public order upon all the nations of the world. With all the alleged shortcomings or defects of the United Nations Charter, the authors find in it one of the many important tools now at the disposal of decision-makers seeking a peaceful resolution °f international controversies.

For rational determination of the lawfulness °f coercion of any kind, decision-makers must, the authors emphasize, identify and appraise many different factors in context. According t° them, a decision-maker must, in order to distinguish between aggression and self-de­fense, have a comprehensive guiding theory f°r inquiry into problems, policies, and pre­^scriptions relating to initiation of coercion. They state that any responsible decision­maker must make reference to, and be care­fully oriented in the factual process of coer­cion across national boundaries. The authors then fist certain factors which should be taken mto account in reaching a decision concerning the lawfulness of coercion such as, the relative ^Slze and strength of the contending parties, the nature of their objectives, the kind of world Public order demanded by the parties, the conditions under which coercion is applied, the methods employed, the effects achieved, their relative willingness to accept commun- 'ty (United Nations, OAS, etc.) intervention, ^and expectations about effectiveness and costs °f decision. Generally, they conceive the Process of coercion in terms of the various Participants applying to each other coercion of alternately accelerating and decelerating degrees of intensity for a wide range of basic objectives.

The authors discuss in great detail the problem of neutrals or nonparticipants in coercion, which necessarily includes a con­siderable treatment of the law of neutrality along with the role played by economic meas­ures which may be useful as a means of influ­encing neutrals.

The military decision-maker will find of particular interest the thoroughness with which combat situations are discussed in Chapter 6. It is here that the influence of the rules of warfare on situations of violence is graphically demonstrated. It is certain that no military commander (decision-maker) can be fully competent in these times without the fullest understanding of how these rules may play their proper part in each decision.

The book concludes with a lengthy discus­sion of the problems relating to belligerent occupation of territory and administration of the civilian populace. This is described as a phase or incident of continuing sequence in hostilities or combat. Of particular note is the discussion of the limiting factor of the Geneva Civilian Convention of 1949 upon actions which may be taken by a belligerent occupant.

This reviewer perceives not only in this final chapter, but throughout the book that the key to a minimum world public order is found in the ability of the decision-maker to reconcile the demands of military necessity with those of humanitarianism.

No contribution to the literature of interna­tional law in this century has quite the signifi­cance of this brilliant work. It is a classic in its own right, and its conception is unapproach­able in realism, timeliness, and scholarship.

Some may argue that the style of writing is too heavy and its thesis too esoteric to be readily communicable. Any such suggestion is but a pathetic confession of intellectual atrophy. Standing alone, it is a literary master­piece and a refreshing departure from the loose, journalistic style of writing advertised to reach the mass twelve-year-old mentality. This book is not for twelve-year-olds; this book is for decision-makers in all branches of govern­ment. And until our own decision-makers are fully conversant with the message of this book, this nation and humanity will continue to exist

on the brink. Its widest dissemination is essen­tial and more especially does it commend itself to our advanced War College courses. In time, Myers S. McDougal and Florentino P. Feliciano may well be immortalized in the sense of a Grotius and Bynkershoek, not only by decision makers and scholars of interna­tional law, but by mankind itself.

The Indestructible Commodore Matthew Perry

By Arthur Orrmont. New York: Julian

Messner, Inc., 1962. Bibliography. Index.

192 pages. $2.95.

REVIEWED BY

John F. Warner

(Mr. Warner is an editor with the Houghton-Mifflin Company and a Jree-lance writer.)

One of the most honored names in the his­tory of the U. S. Navy has been Perry. Cap­tain Christopher Perry fought with distinc­tion during the War for Independence. His son, Oliver Hazard, of “We have met the enemy and they are ours” fame, distinguished himself during the War of 1812. But it was the subject of this biography, Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1859), whose exploits, though perhaps less romantic than those of his father and brother, have had a far more lasting effect on our Navy.

A long-time exponent of steam-powered vessels, Matthew Calbraith continually risked his career and incurred the wrath of the old- school admirals with his outspoken persist­ence. For his efforts, Perry earned the epithet: Father of the Steam Navy. The younger Perry was also a pioneer of naval education, helping to found (with George Bancroft in 1845) the Naval Academy at Annapolis.

But his greatest exploit was accomplished as head of a naval mission to open trade rela­tions with Japan. That he was a gifted diplo­mat is well-proven by the success of this final episode in his intriguing life.

To the pages of this biography, Mr. Orr­mont brings a life-long absorption in military and naval history. No neophyte to the world of letters, the author is a former publishing executive, now a free-lance writer, with a string of books to his credit.

To quote Mr. Orrmont, “ The Indestructible

Commodore Matthew Perry is my first book for young people. ...” This is to say that the biography is directed primarily towards that broad and nebulous audience known as the “juveniles.” As such, the book—as with all juvenile biographies—goes to great length to grant god-like status to Perry. The Commo­dore, his family, his accomplishments, are more than distorted to build an image; they are often almost fantastically romanticized. Perry’s well known irascible ego is dismissed as the product of rheumatism; his wife bears her sorrows and anguish of long separations with the fortitude of a Mother Cabrini. And Oliver Hazard is pictured as a sneering ogre of an older brother, all too eager to condemn Matthew to the ranks of nothingness.

Such techniques of biography are as dis­turbing as they are distorting. One could wish that the author had let his hero’s genuine exploits speak for themselves.

American Sail, A Pictorial History

By Alexander Laing. New York: E. P- Dutton & Company, Inc., 1961. Six full color and over 500 monochrome illustra­tions. Index. 346 pages. $15.00.

REVIEWED BY

Howard I. Chapelle, N. A.

(Mr. Chapelle is Curator of Transportation, U. S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution; author of the History of the American Sailing Ship, History of the American Sailing Navy, The National Water­craft Collection, and other works on maritime develop­ment.)

The pictorial maritime history is a style of book that has become popular. If its illustra­tions are well selected and well reproduced, and are not hackneyed by repetition over the years, such a book may be a handy reference and of permanent value in a naval or mari­time library. However, this form of book has inherent limitations and, as many recent at­tempts have shown, some very great diffi" culties in illustration selection, in the compact and often constricted text and in publication- Sound books of this description have been produced only by competent maritime writers and illustrators; it is no field for beginners.

American Sail is one of the happier examples of this form of history. The author, Alexander Laing, is a member of the faculty at Dart-

mouth and has produced many well known books on maritime history and ships. His ex­perience is shown by the competence with which he prepared for American Sail, taking three years to gather his material and using utmost diligence to obtain illustrations that had not become familiar to readers by previ­ous use in maritime books. This last objective is by no means an easy one, particularly if “contemporary art” is to be employed. American Sail required not only this, but also illustrations covering a wide range of phases in American maritime history—naval, merchant marine, fisheries, whaling, exploration, slaving and piracy, yachting, shipbuilding, and trad- mg. Therefore, the illustrations range from newspaper and magazine cartoons through the whole gamut of pictorial material—paint­ings, prints, woodcuts and photographs. Ship Portraits in various mediums, harbor scenes, shipboard and sea pictures are utilized in all the phases of the production.

The text is intended to give background to the illustrations and to give depth to the book. Here Laing’s skill is evident, restricted as he was by the form of book.

The reviewer is most impressed by the au­thor’s utilization of so much relatively fresh material and by his sound selection where more than one illustration of a subject is avail­able. In only one instance is the selection un­fortunate; this is in the portrait of the Boston clipper ship Surprise facing page 260, taken from the MacPherson Collection in the Na­tional Maritime Museum. The ship is shown With a turtleback poop, which was not em­ployed in American clipper ships, and it seems obvious the MacPherson portrait is misidenti- fied. A portrait of the Surprise exists in the Arthur Clark Collection and appeared in Sailing Ships of New England, Robinson-Dow, 2nd Series, (517).

Dr. Laing has produced an unusually good Pictorial maritime history, and the book will serve as a useful catalog of much of the exist- ^lng illustrative material of acceptable quality, felating to the sailing Navy and to certain Portions of the merchant marine; particularly ^lhe clippers, packets and the colonial harbor scenes will be a very hand reference for stu­dents of colonial maritime affairs. The pub­lishers have done a workmanlike job in repro­duction and book design as well.

Bataan: The March of Death

By Stanley L. Falk. New York: W. W- Norton & Company, Inc., 1962. Illustrated. Appendix. Index. 256 pages. $3.95.

REVIEWED BY

Major Richard W. Smith, U. S. Marine Corps

(Major Smith is a 1951 graduate of the U. S. Naval Academy, and is presently an instructor there in the De­partment of Foreign Languages. He holds a master’s de­gree in history.)

Even now, after 20 years, the average American old enough to remember can well recall the blind, impotent fury that swept this country in the spring of 1944 when the first ac­counts of the Death March of Bataan were released to the press. Two years earlier almost 80,000 Allied troops had surrendered to the Japanese in the Philippines after a hopeless three months’ delaying action on Bataan peninsula. With their surrender, all news ceased until escaped prisoners reached Aus­tralia more than a year later. Their accounts of the evacuation of the prisoners from Bataan peninsula to internment camps further inland so horrified the national leaders that the Death March story was withheld from the public for almost another year.

And what was this horror? Diseased and starving men had been herded long distances on foot without adequate food or water. At night they were crammed, standing, into ware­houses without sanitation facilities. Through­out their march they were at the mercy of their captors. They were beaten and robbed. Stragglers were shot or bayonetted. Men were buried alive, and the reward for helping a failing comrade was frequently death. After the war the Death March, as it was called, was fully verified and documented, but it was never explained.

Bataan: The March of Death is not only a full account of the ordeal, but seeks to discover the why which has thus far defied explanation. It is not a reshuffle of old material in search of new superlatives in horror; the book is, if any­thing, underwritten. Instead, it is a balanced history of the evacuation and describes, not only the events leading up to the surrender, but also the Japanese situation, intentions, and actions at the time. It is in this latter area that Mr. Falk, an historian with the Army’s Office

of Military History, makes his primary and meritorious contribution.

The author finds no support for the common belief that the barbarous treatment was a matter of official policy. Harassed by his superiors in Tokyo, General Homma, com­manding the Japanese forces, was concerned only with overcoming the Bataan force so that he could seize the adjoining island of Corregi- dor. Faulty intelligence had placed the Allied strength at 25,000 to 40,000, half the actual figure. The greatest Japanese miscalculation was their failure to realize the pitiful condi­tion of these 78,000 soldiers, crammed with 26,000 civilians into one of the world’s most malarial areas for three months on approxi­mately one-quarter rations.

The Japanese were caught flat-footed not only by the surrender itself, but also by the number and condition of their prisoners. One officer was hastily assigned to assemble the prisoners in a central area and divide them into marching units. A second officer was responsible for their movement by easy stages to internment on Luzon. Those officers were simply unable to cope with the actual situa­tion as it revealed itself, and the prisoners suffered accordingly.

The treatment varied. In the one large- scale atrocity, some 300 officers and NGO’s of a Filipino division were beheaded or bayo- netted to death. Another group was regularly exposed bareheaded to the tropical sun. In contrast to this, some thousands of prisoners remained in military hospitals on Bataan as patients or staff. Substantial numbers were transported the entire distance by truck and rail in a matter of hours. Even among those who walked, some groups proceeded without guards and at their own pace. Shocking as the practice was, Mr. Falk goes a long way toward explaining the killing of stragglers by his description of the Japanese training and char­acter. The few guards were simply told to move from A to B in so much time without allowing anyone to escape. Trained to un­reasoning obedience, the simple soldier could see no alternative to killing those who could not keep up.

In Korea, American POW’s encountered Communist methods for the first time, and a study of their experiences is a must for any military man. The prisoners in the Philippines

were simply victims of inefficiency and casual barbarism. As an account of this, Bataan: The March of Death contributes little by way of professional knowledge, but has more than its share of iron for the soul and clears up some long-standing misconceptions.

Our World in Antarctica

By Lieutenant (j.g.) A. Denis Clift, USNR.

New York: Rand McNally & Company,

1962. Illustrated. Maps. 160 pages. $7.50.

REVIEWED BY

Laurence C. Eklund

(Mr. Eklund, the Washington correspondent for The

Milwaukee Journal, covered Operation Deep Freeze 61

and has long had an interest in Antarctica.)

Two years ago, when this reviewer was selecting transparencies for a full page of color pictures on Antarctica for The Milwaukee Journal, he was impressed by the thousands of photographs on the subject in the U. S. Navy’s photographic files at Anacostia.

What a pity, he thought, that more of these dramatic pictures, taken by Navy photog­raphers under most difficult conditions, were not being published and appreciated by Americans who should know more about what we are doing in Antarctica.

It is most gratifying, therefore, to find in this new book by Mr. Clift, a former Navy PIO in Antarctica, a total of 186 photographs, mostly by U. S. Navy photographers, which together with the author’s text present a comprehen­sive and up-to-date description of our Ant­arctic operations.

Our World in Antarctica has eight pages of fine color pictures, including one of an Ant­arctic winter sunset at McMurdo Sound which will most certainly produce a feeling of nos­talgia in all those who have ever spent any time “on the ice” in Antarctica.

Supplementing the Navy photographs are three Coast Guard pictures and a dozen from the National Science Foundation, because after all, this is a joint venture of scientists and naval support forces in the Antarctic venture.

Mr. Clift shows the good judgment not to lose sight of that fact. Any visitor to Ant­arctica is impressed by the teamwork between civilians and the military.

A number of books on Antarctica have been the personal narratives of men who led ex­peditions. Others have gone into more detail on the history of Antarctic explora­tion, and as such are valuable reference works. Our World in Antarctica makes a fresh, pictorial approach and has the advantage of being the most recent book on the subject.

It chronicles some of the exciting new developments in Antarctica, such as the use of big, ski-equipped cargo planes that can now land at inland stations, the building of the new Byrd station under the ice, and the first use of nuclear power there.

No other book, for instance, describes in such timely detail how Antarctic exploration, which once depended largely upon dogs, has been revolutionized through the use of mod­ern ice breakers, aircraft and tracked vehicles.

Each fall 3,000 men and more than 25,000 tons of cargo are transported to Antarctica from the United States in preparation for a new year’s operations “on the ice.”

This requires a variety of vessels, including tankers, radar picket ships, cargo ships and their pathfinders, the icebreakers, whose heavily reinforced hulls enable them to ride

up onto the ice and crush it with their weight.

More than 200 Navy men remain through the Antarctic winter to support the work of the scientists who are engaged in an endless quest for knowledge.

Meteorologists at these lonely outposts gather Antarctica’s most important export -—weather information. They are abetted in this work by automatically operated weather stations called “grasshoppers.”

Scientists study the upper atmosphere in search for information on interplanetary space, they take seismic soundings to learn the thickness of the Antarctic ice cap, and they seek out information about underlying rock formations.

A University of Wisconsin biologist, who has already spent more than two years study­ing the breeding habits of the Adelie penguin, has gone back this year to try to find out about the homing instinct that guides the penguin back thousands of miles to its own breeding grounds much like the salmon.

This book should prove worthwhile reading for all persons who are interested in naval affairs because of the U. S. Navy’s important logistical role in Antarctica.

Professional Reading

By Robert M. Langdon

•               The National Geographic Society’s latest book, Men, Ships and The Sea ($9.85) is the most colorful and lavishly illustrated book on the subject. Consisting of more than two-score articles, mostly by Alan Villiers, and most of which have appeared in the National Geographic, this book has as its theme: man’s use of the sea. The reader sails with Villiers in an Arab dhow and a Chinese junk, rounds the Horn in a square-rigger, works aboard a modern whaler, and sails the world’s seas to make a living, to seek recreation, to chart new regions, or to defend him­self. Those readers who found and appreciated Landstrom’s The Ship (Doubleday, $14.00) a year ago will find this new Geographic book equally intriguing.

•               Smuts: The Sanguine Tears (1870-1919) (Cambridge University Press, $10.00) by W. K. Hancock is the first volume of a full-length biography of that dynamic Boer who played such a major role in the Boer War and the establishment of the Union of South Africa, in World War I in Africa (1914-1916), in the over-all direction of Britain’s war effort during the 1916-18 period, in the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, and in the formation of the Commonwealth of Na­tions. Often this work’s heavy detail causes rough going for the American reader; nonetheless, this is a sound biography of one of the great leaders of the first half of the century.

•               Ladislas Farago’s The Tenth Fleet (Obolensky, $6.50) is this author’s detailed attempt to arouse America to the serious threat of submarine warfare against our own coasts. Farago’s method is to give a rather disorganized, salty account of the formation and operation of Ad­miral King’s phantom force, the Tenth Fleet, its problems, personalities, and effects on the Battle of the Atlantic against the German U-boats. Farago occupied a wartine research post in ONI and knew first-hand much of what he writes.

•               Today’s young college man is faced with decisions more complex than those that con­fronted his father a generation ago. Should today’s 18-year-old seek deferment? Should he enlist now or “wait out” the draft? Quit school? Take ROTC? Appeal his classification? Michael Harwood’s Student Guide to Military Service (Channel Press, $5.95) offers a wealth of background to help in wise decision making. All young American males—and their parents— would profit by careful reading of this handbook.

•               The Confederate Navy (Doubleday, $7.95) by Philip Van Doren Stern is a rather thorough pictorial coverage of the Confederate Navy—its ships, weapons, personalities, battles, etc. This book’s numerous illustrations—many presented for the first time—and the author’s stimulat­ing text combine to make this the best pictorial history on this subject.

•               L. F. HerreshofPs An Introduction to Yachting (Sheridan House, $15.00) is a big book covering some of the history of yachting from earliest times to 1920—especially from British and American viewpoints. The book consists of a score or more of articles which have appeared in Rudder during recent years. The author is a leading authority on the subject, having de­signed many yachts and sailed many more.

\

Whether you’re conning the ship from the bridge of the Enterprise or just sailing a star-class on week ends, you should have a copy of Simplified Rules of the !\mitic<il Rond handy. Prepared for use by the Mid­shipmen at the U. S. Naval Academy, it will he useful to any mariner. Detailed, well-illustrated chapters cover “Vessels Approaching,” “Lights and Shapes,” “Rules for Preventing Collisions,” “Restricted Visibility,” “International Rules,” “Inland Rules,” “Pilot Rules for Inland Waters,” “Helpful Hints,” and                                                                                                                                                           » » » * ,

“The Motorboat Act.”

Adherence to the Rides of the Road can save your ship, your life, and the lives of those who sail with you. See that you have a copy with you when you venture out.

Simplified Rules of the Nautical Roacl

By LIEUTENANT O. W. WILL, III, U.S. NAVY

Simplified Rules of the Nautical Road by Lieutenant O. W. Will, III, U. S. Navy 110 pages. Illustrated. Index. Soft cover.

List Price $2.50 Members’ Price $2.00

★

★

★

★

★

★

★

★

★

★

PROPHETIC . . .

“Furthermore, the United States must be prepared to protect its own security and that of its sister nations. There may be conditions in which this can be done only by inter­vention. That would be notably true if Soviet power, planted in the western hemi­sphere, were being used aggressively to undermine and capture other Hispanic- American countries. In such a case the United States not only would be justified in acting, it would be obligated to act, both by its treaty pledges and by its ultimate duty to protect its own national security.”

William H. Hessler

Foreign News Analyst

THE NAVAL REVIEW—1962-1963

THE U.S. NAVAL INSTITUTE’S first annual analysis of world-wide naval operations.

Book Size 8 Vi x 11, case bound • 194 illustrations • 11 maps • 14 essays • 3 appendices • 392 pages $10.00 {$8.00 to members of the Naval Institute)

Please use order blank on -page 129

Special postpaid price to members of the U. S. Naval Institute, both regular and as­sociate, is shown in parentheses. Prices subject to change without notice. On orders for Maryland delivery, please add 3 per cent sales tax. These books may be ordered from the

U. S. Naval Institute, Annapolis, Maryland

NEW AND CURRENT

Naval Logistics                                                                                                                           $5.50  ($4.40)

By Vice Admiral George C. Dyer, USN (Ret.) This second edition has been revised to include the missions and roles of the Defense Supply Agency. Illustrated. Index. 367 pages.

Naval Review.......................................................................................................................... $10.00. ($8.00)

The most comprehensive volume on world sea power available. Illustrated maps. 14 essays, 3 appendices. 350 pages.

The Sailor’s Wife...................................................................................................................... $1.50. ($1.13)

By Lucy Wright. An amusing “guide” for young Navy wives. Bright, light and helpful. Illus­trated with sketches by William J. Clipson. 112 pages. 28 cartoons. Paper bound.

Soldiers of the Sea................................................................................................................. $14.00 ($10.50)

By Colonel Robert D. Heinl, Jr., U. S. Marine Corps. A complete pictorial and definitive history of the Marine Corps from 1775 to the present.

Geography and National              Power                                                                                     $2.50. ($2.00)

Edited by Professor William W. Jeffries, U. S. Naval Academy. A short, up-to-date volume covering all the strategic regions and major powers of the w'orld. This new edition has chap­ters on the Polar Seas and Africa. Third Edition. 1962. 180 pages. Paperback.

Simplified Rules of the    Nautical Road .................................................................................   $2.50. ($2.00)

By Lieutenant O. W. Will, III, USN. 1962. 110 pages. Illustrated.

HISTORY—BIOGRAPHY

Amerika Samoa: A History of American Samoa

and Its United States Naval Administration............................................................................ $6.00 ($4.50)

By Captain J. A. C. Gray (MC) USN. 1960. 295 pages. Illustrated.

David Glasgow Farragut

By Professor Charles L. Lewis, U. S. Naval Academy.

Vol. I, Admiral in the Making. 1941. 372 pages. Illustrated.................................................. $3.75 ($2.82)

Vol. II, Our First Admiral. 1943. 513 pages. Illustrated......................................................... $4.50 ($3.38)

Garde D’ Haiti 1915-1934: Twenty Years of Organization

and Training by the United States Marine Corps................................................................... $4.50 ($3.38)

Compiled by J. H. McCrocklin. 1956. 262 pages. 42 photographs.

Greyhounds of the Sea ......................................................................................................... $12.50 ($9.38)

By Carl C. Cutler. 1961. 592 pages. 63 illustrations, 8 in full color. 26 sets of ships’ lines and sail plans.

Special Price-Queens of the Western Ocean and

Greyhounds of the Sea, both volumes as a set....................................................................... $20.00 ($15.00)

The Henry Huddleston Rogers Collection of Ship Models.................................................... $3.00 ($2.25)

U. S. Naval Academy Museum. 2nd edition, 1958. 117 pages. Illustrated.

John Paul Jones: Fighter for Freedom and Glory................................................................... $6.00 ($4.50)

By Lincoln Lorenz. 1943. 846 pages. Illustrated.

Lion Six                       .                                                                                                $2.50 ($1.88)

By Captain D. Harry Hammer, USNR. The story of the building of the great Naval Operat­ing Base at Guam. 1947. 109 pages. Illustrated.

A Long Line oi Ships............................................................................................................ $5.00 ($3.75)

By Lieutenant Commander Arnold S. Lott, USN. Mare Island Centennial Volume. 1954. 268 pages. Illustrated.

My Life................................................................................................................................. $6.00 ($4.50)

By Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, German Navy. 1960. 430 pages. Illustrated.

Queens o£ the Western Ocean............................................................................................... $12.50 ($9.38)

By Carl C. Cutler. 1961. 672 pages. 69 illustrations. 10 sets of ships' lines and sail plans. Special Price—Queens of the Western Ocean and

Greyhounds of the Sea, both volumes as a set....................................................................... $20.00 ($15.00)

Round-Shot to Rockets........................................................................................................... $3.00 ($2.25)

By Taylor Peck. A history of the Washington Navy Yard and U. S. Naval Gun Factory. 1949. 267 pages. Illustrated.

Sailing and Small Craft Down the Ages.................................................................................. $6.50 ($4.88)

By E. L. Bloomster. 1940. 280 pages. 425 silhouette drawings. Trade edition.

(Deluxe autographed edition)................................................................................................. $12.50 ($10.00)

Ships of the United States Navy and Their Sponsors

Vol. IV—1950-1958 ............................................................................................................. $10.00 ($7.50)

Compiled by Keith Frazier Somerville and Harriotte W. B. Smith. 1959. 291 pages. Illustrated.

Soldiers of the Sea.................................................................................................................. $14.00 ($10.50)

By Colonel Robert D. Heinl, Jr., U. S. Marine Corps. A definitive history of the U. S. Marine Corps, 1775-1962. 695 pages. 127 photos. 42 maps. Index.

The United States Coast Guard, 1790-1915                                                                             $5.00 ($3.75)

By Captain Stephen H Evans, U. S. Coast Guard. A definitive history (With a Postscript. 1915-1949). 1949. 228 pages. Illustrated.

WORLD WAR II—KOREA (U. S.)

Most Dangerous Sea............................................................................................................... $6.00 ($4.50)

By Lieutenant Commander Arnold S. Lott, USN. 1959. 322 pages. 38 photographs.

The Sea War in Korea............................................................................................................. $6.00 ($4.50)

By Commander Malcolm W. Cagle, USN, and Commander Frank A. Manson, USN 1957. 555 pages. 176 photographs. 20 charts.

The United States Coast Guard in World War II .                           .         .......          $6.00 ($4.50)

By Malcolm F. Willoughby. 1957. 347 pages. 200 photographs. 27 charts.

United States Destroyer Operations in World War II............................................................... $10.00 ($7.50)

By Theodore Roscoe. 1953. 581 pages. Illustrated.

United States Submarine Operations in World War II............................................................. $10.00 ($7.50)

By Theodore Roscoe. 1949. 577 pages. Illustrated.

Special Price—2-volume set: Destroyer and

Submarine books (listed above).............................................................................................. $17.50 ($15.15)

WORLD WAR II—(OTHER NATIONS)

Der Seekricg, The German Navy’s Story 1939-1945 ............................................................. $5.00 ($3.75)

By Vice Admiral Friedrich Ruge, German Navy. 1957. 440 pages. 43 photographs. 19 charts.

The Divine Wind, Japan’s Kamakaze Force in World War II........................................ $4.50 ($3.38)

By Captain Rikihei Inoguchi and Commander Tadashi Nakajima, former Imperial Japanese Navy, with Commander Roger Pineau, USNR. 1958. 240 pages. 61 photographs. 3 diagrams.

The French Navy in World War II..................................................................... ...                      $6.00 ($4.50)

By Rear Admiral Paul Auphan, French Navy (Ret.), and Jaccpies Mordal. Translated by Captain A. C. J. Sabalot, USN (Ret.). 1959. 413 pages. 32 photographs. 13 charts and diagrams.

The Hunters and the Hunted................................................................................................... $3.50 ($2.63)

By Rear Admiral Aldo Cocchia, Italian Navy (Reserve). 1958. 180 pages. Photographs and diagrams.

The Italian Navy in World War II........................................................................................... $5.75 ($4.32)

By Commander Marc’Antonio Bragadin, Italian Navy. 1957. 380 pages. 121 photographs. 17 diagrams.

Midway, The Battle That Doomed Japan, The Japanese Navy’s Story .                                    .     $4.50 ($3.38)

By Mitsuo Fuchida and Masatake Okumiya, former Imperial Japanese Navy. Edited by Roger Pineau and Clarke Kawakami. 1955. 266 pages. Illustrated.

White Ensign, The British Navy at War, 1939-1945 .............................................................. $4.50 ($3.38)

By Captain S. W. Roskill, D.S.C., R.N. (Ret.). 1960. 480 pages. Illustrated.

SEA POWER

Air Operations in Naval Warfare Reading Supplement........................................................... $2.00 ($1.60)

Edited by Commander Walter C. Blattmann, USN. 1957. 185 pages. Paper bound.

Geography and National Power.............................................................................................. $2.50 ($2.00)

Edited by Professor William W. Jeffries, U. S. Naval Academy. A short, up-to-date volume covering all the strategic regions and major powers of the world. This new edition has chap­ters on the Polar Seas and Africa. Third Edition. 1962. 180 pages. Paperback.

A History of Naval Tactics from 1530 to 1930                   ......................................... $6.50 ($4.88)

The Evolution of Tactical Maxims. By Rear Admiral S. S. Robison, USN (Ret.), and Mary L. Robison. 1942. 956 pages. Illustrated.

Naval Logistics....................................................................................................................... $5.50      ($4.40)

By Vice Admiral George C. Dyer, USN (Ret.). Second Edition. 1962. 367 pages. Illustrated.

Naval Review......................................................................................................................... $10.00    ($8.00)

The most comprehensive volume on world seapower available. Illustrated. Maps. 14 essays.

3 appendices. 350 pages.

Victory Without War, 1958-1961                .......................................................................... $2.00 ($1.50)

By George Fielding Eliot. 1958.126 pages.

SEAMANSHIP

The Art of Knotting and Splicing........................................................................................... $5.00      ($3.75)

By Cyrus Day. Step-by-step pictures facing explanatory text. 2nd edition, 1955. 224 pages.

Naval Shiphandling................................................................................................................ $5.00      ($4.00)

By Captain R. S. Crenshaw, Jr., USN. 2nd edition, 1960. 529 pages. 175 illustrations.

NAVIGATION—PILOTING

Dutton’s Navigation and Piloting............................................................................................... $8.00  ($6.40)

Prepared by Commander J. C. Hill, II, USN, Lieutenant Commander T. F. Utegaard, USN, and Gerard Riordan. (A completely rewritten text which supplants Navigation and Nautical Astronomy.) 1st edition, 1958. 771 pages. Illustrated.

Practical Manual of the Compass................................................................................................ $3.60  ($2.88)

By Captain Harris Laning, USN, and Lieutenant Commander H. D. McGuire, USN. 1921. 173 pages. Illustrated.

The Rules of the Nautical Road......................................................................... ...                      $5.00 ($4.00)

By Captain R. F. Farwell, USNR. Revised by Lieutenant Alfred Prunski, U. S. Coast Guard. Third Edition, 1954. 536 pages. Illustrated.

Simplified Rules of the Nautical Road........................................................................................ $2.50  ($2.00)

By Lieutenant O. W. Will, III, USN. 1962. 110 pages. Illustrated.

PROFESSIONAL HANDBOOKS

The Bluejackets’ Manual, U. S. Navy......................................................................................... $1.95  ($1.56)

Revised by Captain John V. Noel, Jr., USN, Commander Frederick C. Dyer, USNR, and Master Chief Journalist William J. Miller, USN. 16th edition, 1960. 641 pages. Illustrated.

The Coast Guardsman’s Manual................................................................................................. $4.00  ($3.20)

By Captain W. C. Hogan, USCG, Revised by Lieutenant Commander M. M. Dickinson, USCGR, assisted by Loran W. Behrens, BMC, USN-FR. 3rd edition, 1958. 819 pages. Illus­trated.

Division Officer’s Guide......................................................................................................... $2.25      ($1.80)

By Captain J. V. Noel, Jr., USN. 5th edition, 1962. 282 pages.

The Marine Officer's Guide                          .......................................................................... $5.75      ($4.32)

By General G. C. Thomas, USMC (Ret.), Colonel R. D. Heinl, Jr., USMC, and Rear Admiral A. A. Ageton, USN (Ret.). 1956. 512 pages. 29 charts. 119 photographs.

The Naval Officer’s Guide......................................................................................................... $6.75  ($5.40)

By Rear Admiral Arthur A. Ageton, USN (Ret.), with Captain William P. Mack, USN. 5th edition, 1960. 649 pages. Illustrated.

Watch Officer’s Guide............................................................................................................... $2.50  ($2.00)

Revised by Captain J. V. Noel, Jr., USN. 9th edition, 1961. 302 pages. Illustrated.

LEADERSHIP

Naval Leadership, 2nd edition.................................................................................................... $3.50  ($2.80)

Compiled by Commander Malcolm E. Wolfe, USN, Captain Frank J. Mulholland, USMC, Commander John M. Laudenslager, MSC, USNR, Lieutenant Horace J. Connery, MSC, USN, Rear Admiral Bruce McCandless, USN (Ret.), and Associate Professor Gregory J. Mann.

1959.                             301 pages.

Naval Leadership, 1st edition..................................................................................................... $3.00  ($2.40)

Prepared at the U. S. Naval Academy for instruction of midshipmen. 1949. 324 pages.

Selected Readings in Leadership............................................................................................... $2.50  ($2.00)

Compiled by Commander Malcolm E. Wolfe, USN, and Captain F. J. Mulholland, USMC. Revised by Leadership Committee, Command Department, U. S. Naval Academy. Revised,

1960.                             126 pages. Paper bound.

ENGINEERING

Descriptive Analysis of Naval Turbine Propulsion Plants.......................................................... $5.00 ($4.00)

By Commander C N. Payne, USN. 1958. 187 pages. Illustrated.

Fundamentals of Construction and Stability of Naval Ships .                              .....            $5.50      ($4.40)

By Professor Thomas C. Gillmer, U. S. Naval Academy. 2nd edition, revised, 1959. 373 pages. Illustrated.

Internal Combustion Engines...................................................................................................... $5.00 ($4.00)

By Commander P. YV. Gill, USN, Commander J. H. Smith, Jr., USN, and Professor E. J- Ziurys. 4th edition, 1959. 570 pages. Illustrated.

Introduction to Marine Engineering............................................................................................ $5.50 ($4.40)

By Professor Robert F. Latham, U. S. Naval Academy. 1958. 208 pages. Illustrated.

SCIENCES

Fundamentals of Sonar............................................................................................................. $10.00. ($8.00)

By Dr. J. Warren Horton. 2nd edition, 1959. 417 pages. 186 figures.

The Human Machine, Biological Science for the Armed Services............................................. $5.00      ($3.75)

By Captain Charles W. Shilling (MC), USN. 1955. 292 pages. Illustrated.

Logarithmic and Trigonometric Tables............................................................. ...                      $1.65 ($1.32)

By the Department of Mathematics, U. S. Naval Academy. 1945. 89 pages.

Marine Fouling and Its Prevention........................................................................................... $10.00. ($8.00)

Prepared for Bureau of Ships, Navy Department, by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. 1952. 388 pages. Illustrated.

The Rule of Nine...................................................................................................................... $ -60 ($ .48)

By William Wallace, Jr. An easy, speedy way to check addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 1959. 27 pages. Paper bound.

LAW

A Brief History of Courts-Martial............................................................................................. $ .50 ($ .40)

By Brigadier General James Snedekcr, USMC (Ret.). 1954. 65 pages. Paper bound.

International Law for Seagoing Officers...................................................................................... $6.00 ($4.50)

By Commander Burdick H. Brittin, USN, and Dr. Liselotte B. Watson. 2nd edition, 1960. 318 pages. Illustrated.

LANGUAGES

Introduction to Brazilian Portuguese........................................................................................... $6.50 ($5.20)

By Associate Professor Guy J. Riccio, U. S. Naval Academy. 1957. 299 pages.

Russian Conversation and Grammar, 3rd edition, 1960 By Professor Claude P. Lemieux, U. S. Naval Academy

Vol. One—109 pages. Paper bound....................................................................................... .    $2.50 ($2.00)

Vol. Two—121 pages. Paper bound............................................................................................ $2.50 ($2.00)

Russian Supplement to Naval Phraseology.................................................................................. $4.00 ($3.20)

By Professor Claude P. Lemieux, U. S. Naval Academy. 2nd edition, 1954 140 pages.

SERVICE LIFE

The Best of Taste, The Finest Food of Fifteen Nations................................................................. $4.00 ($3.00)

Edited by the SACLANT-NATO Cookbook Committee. 1957. 244 pages. Illustrated.

Naval Customs, Traditions, and Usage........................................................................................ $5.50 ($4.13)

By Vice Admiral Leland P. Lovette, USN (Ret.). 4th edition, 1959. 358 pages. Illustrated

Prayers at Sea.............................................................................................................................   $3.50 ($2.63)

By Chaplain Joseph F. Parker, U. S. Navy.

The Sailor’s Wife........................................................................................................................ $1.50 ($1.13)

By Lucy Wright. 1962. 112 pages. 28 cartoons. Paper bound.

Service Etirjueite......................................................................................................................... $5.50 ($4.13)

By Rear Admiral Bruce McCandless, USN (Ret.), Captain Brooks J. Harral, USN, and Oretha D. Swartz. Correct Social Usage for Service Men on Official and Unofficial Occasions. 1959. 365 pages.