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Development and testing in the late 1940s and early 1950s of Weapon Able for use against submarines, 256-260; ASROC proved superior because it had a homing capability, 259; training at Key West in the early 1950s, 267; part of refresher training for the crew of the destroyer Isherwood (DD-520) at Guantanamo in early 1952, 277; the crew of the Isherwood was involved in ASW team training research in the early 1950s, 281-283; the Isherwood had a likely contact with a Soviet submarine in the early 1950s in the Mediterranean, 311-312; the Isherwood worked with an Italian destroyer during NATO ASW exercises in the Mediterranean in the early 1950s, 312-313
(CDR Paul H. Backus [2])
Practiced during shakedown training of the crew of the destroyer Franks (DD-554) in 1943, 55; the Franks helped sink a Japanese submarine in May 1944, 129, 139-140
(Mr. Michael J. Bak, Jr. [3])
Jurisdictional questions between the Navy and the Army Air Forces over airborne ASW in World War II, 243-244
(VADM Bernard H. Bieri [4])
The cruiser Birmingham (CL-2) made patrols off the Atlantic coast during World War I, 10; pilots at Naval Air Station Miami perform patrols in the Gulf of Mexico in the early 1940s, 74-75, 78; Tenth Fleet's ASW effort in 1943, 85-87
(VADM Gerald F. Bogan [5])
Planning and training in late 1940s for U.S. Navy to use its submarines against those of other nations, 370-379
(RADM Roy S. Benson, Volume I [6])
Benson observed idealized ASW exercise off Pearl Harbor in the early 1960s with Vice Admiral John S. Thach, 725-728; question of nuclear submarines used in training with other Navy elements, 731-735
(RADM Roy S. Benson, Volume II [6])
The destroyer Saufley (DD-465) made one unsuccessful antisubmarine attack while operating in the Solomons in late 1942, 62; shakedown training for the patrol craft PCE(R)-858 in the summer of 1945, 221-222
(Mr. Roger L. Bond [7])
Use of depth charges in 1944 against the submarine Flying Fish (SS-229), 154 155, 168; Japanese air attack against the Flying Fish, 170; in 1944 the destroyer Cogswell (DD-651) inadvertently depth-charged the Flying Fish, 171-173; in 1943 Representative Andrew May revealed in an interview with the media that Japanese antisubmarine forces were not setting their depth charges deep enough, and casualties increased afterward, 174; in late 1950 submarine Sablefish (SS-303) was involved in ASW exercises against other submarines, 233; in the early 1950s hunter-killer task groups exercised in the Atlantic, 271-272, 274-275; in 1955 a number of destroyers and submarines in the Atlantic took part in an ASW exercise that resulted in a collision, 279-280; in the mid-1950s Admiral Jerauld Wright offered a case of whiskey to the first skipper who forced a Soviet submarine to surface, 296; in the late 1950s the boats of Submarine Division 63 were involved in antisubmarine training missions, 329 331
(RADM Julian T. Burke, Jr. [8])
Chew named as Commander ASWForPac on 12 January 1966, 393-394; background to need for this command, 394-395; Chew undertook study of Russian submarine menace, 397; result of study—establishment of AS command center on Ford Island, 397; value of SOSUS system, 397-398; ASW forces available, 398; Chew discusses division of responsibility as it pertains to ASW Forces, 7th Fleet, etc., 401-402; Chew attended daily briefings of CinCPacFlt, 402; ASW exercises, 403; headquarters on Ford Island, 405-406; ASW Force command and international relations (SEATO), 407-408; research efforts conducted under Chew, 408-409; the triangulation range on Kauai Island, 412-413
(VADM John L. Chew [9])
In the mid-1950s Key West, Florida, was the site of a Navy sonar training school, 20-21, 26-27, 31-32, 34-35, 43-45; in the late 1950s Escort Squadron 12 operated as part of hunter-killer groups out of Quonset Point, Rhode Island, 55-56; use in the 1960s of the antisubmarine rocket (ASROC) as a weapon in exercises, 172; ASW upgrade around 1970 to the destroyer Jonas Ingram (DD-938), 259-260, 312-313; in the early 1970s the Jonas Ingram was involved in exercises with a submarine off Florida, 271-274
(CAPT Louis Colbus [10])
Antisubmarine projects undertaken by the Operational Development Force around 1950, 127-131
(RADM John S. Coye, Jr. [11])
Japanese capabilities in World War II, 160, 215-216; the Seahorse (SS-304) drew ASW attention so Saipan beaches can be surveyed for 1944 invasion, 531; the submarine Requin (SS-481) was used as target for ASW school in Key West in 1946, 315; Nautilus (SSN-571) was able to confound U.S. destroyer during exercise in mid-1950s, 395; ASW exercise in 1950s marred by destroyer skipper in a hurry to reach port, 402-404
(CAPT Slade D. Cutter, Volumes I and II [12])
Vice Admiral Walden (Pug) Ainsworth started work on a destroyer trainer to train skippers in antisubmarine attack circa 1943, 700
(RADM Ernest M. Eller, Volume II [13])
ASW patrol around damaged British carrier off Georgia in early 1940s, 330
(RADM Francis D. Foley, Volume I [14])
Role in nuclear strike plans in mid-1950s, 621-623, 625, 628
(RADM Francis D. Foley, Volume II [14])
Role of the Submarine Chaser Training Center in World War II, 29-31, 33-34; use of the drone antisubmarine helicopter (DASH) by the destroyer Taussig (DD-746) in the mid 1960s, 262-263; ASW exercises around Guam in 1966 involved a Polaris submarine, 276-277; ASW exercises in the mid-1960s built around the carrier Yorktown (CVS-10), 265-266; use of the variable-depth sonar in the mid-1960s, 268, 344; introduction of sonar towed arrays in the 1970s, 343-344
(VADM Samuel L. Gravely, Jr. [15])
Developments in the early 1960s included the SQS-26 sonar, 524
(ADM C. D. Griffin, Volume II [16])
In 1954-55 Harralson had duty at Amasra, Turkey, in charge of a group that used hydrophones to collect submarine sound signatures from the Black Sea, 311-331
(LCDR Richard A. Harralson [17])
Goblin on the Doorstep was an early 1960s film about Grumman's ASW aircraft, 125-127
(CAPT Herbert E. Hetu [18])
Hyland flew an ASW patrol over the Queen Mary when she brought a load of American troops to Australia in 1942, 119; an American PBY mistakenly attacked a U.S. submarine off Australia in 1942, 120; possibility offered, but not considered, to use ASW capabilities to determine effectiveness of aerial mining during the Vietnam War, 346-347
(ADM John J. Hyland, Jr., Volume I [19])
Grim possibilities if submarines had been used against the U.S. Navy in the Tonkin Gulf, 435; Anti-Submarine Warfare Force Pacific Fleet Combined with the First Fleet in 1973 to become the Third Fleet, 554
(ADM John J. Hyland, Jr., Volume II [19])
Role of the Bureau of Ships during World War II in the design and construction of ASW ships, 28-35, 40-41
(CAPT Harry A. Jackson [20])
U.S. Navy air ASW capabilities in the late 1950s, including magnetic anomaly detection and sonobuoys, 1001-1004, 1012-1017; role of SOSUS around 1960, 1005-1006
(CAPT Stephen Jurika, Jr. [21])
In November 1944 the destroyer Nicholas (DD-449) sank the Japanese submarine I-38, which was armed with Kaiten torpedoes, 69-73; experiments with a drone helicopter in the late 1950s, 118-119; drone helos were part of a First Fleet firepower demonstration in 1963, 132
(VADM Robert T. S. Keith [22])
In 1952 the Surface Antisubmarine Development Detachment of the Operational Development Force did a side-by-side evaluation of British and U.S. sonar systems and antisubmarine weapons, 153-160, 167-169; subsequently the British frigate Rocket was bombarded by tomatoes and beer cans to retaliate for the stuffy conduct of her commanding officer, 160-166; shortage of training opportunities for Sixth Fleet destroyers in the mid-1950s, 179-180; difficult sonar conditions in 1954 in the Mediterranean, 187; testing of the bubble sonar in the early 1960s by the Operational Test and Evaluation Force, 246; exercises conducted in 1968-69 by ASW Group One and the antisubmarine carrier Kearsarge (CVS-33), 345-354, 369-370; specialized antisubmarine carriers left the fleet in the early 1970s, 370-371
(VADM Jerome H. King, Jr. [23])
Exercises in the Caribbean in the mid-1950s, 223, 246-250
(LCDR John W. Lee [24])
Tactical work of Submarine Development Group Two in the late 1940s, using submarines against other submarines, 97-100; in the early 1950s U.S. ASW forces had difficulty coping with diesel submarines that had the GUPPY improvements, 125-126; work of Task Group Alfa in the mid-1950s, 140-146; the Navy initiated a wide-ranging program in the mid-1970s to protect ballistic missile submarines from detection, 302-304
(ADM Robert L. J. Long [25])
Loughlin's tour of duty in the ASW readiness section of OpNav, 1959-1960, 250-256
(RADM Charles Elliott Loughlin [26])
In the early 1940s training in ASW was conducted at Key West, Florida, 73; shortly before World War II the destroyer Rhind (DD-404) tested a magnetometer as a device for detecting submarines, but it was not effective, 83; Japanese attacks on the submarine Barb (SS-220) in World War II, 150-152, 173-175, 177; development work in the early 1950s on an underwater nuclear weapon, ASROC, for use against submarines, 241-246; the Hawaiian operating area was convenient in the early 1950s for antisubmarine warfare exercises, 292-293, 299; in the late 1950s Destroyer Division 322 had some small success in detecting submerged submarines with electronic countermeasures gear, 335; in the late 1950s and early 1960s the mission of the ASW Tactical School at Norfolk was to teach coordinated tactics for the Atlantic Fleet, 342-352; role in the late 1950s of Task Group Alfa in hunter-killer work, 344-345; contribution from antisubmarine warfare aircraft carriers, 347; problems in the early 1960s with the accuracy of Weapon Alfa, 354-358; development of electronic links before radar and sonar, 358 359; use of thermal layer depths, 359-360; role of helicopters, 359-361; in the early 1960s McNitt ran an informal ASW training school at the Pearl Harbor officers' club, 361-362; early 1960s exercise near Hawaii, 364-365
(RADM Robert W. McNitt [27])
Miller pushed unsuccessfully to have ASW come under Second Fleet in the early 1970s, 604; Miller put emphasis on this aspect as Sixth Fleet commander in the early 1970s, 609, 643-644, 646-650, 658; Zumwalt pushes to combine this role on attack submarines, 612; importance of Bermuda, 621-622; importance of the Azores, 622; Vice Admiral Isaac Kidd's emphasis on in the early 1970s, 645; deficiency of our ability in the Mediterranean in the early 1970s, 644-645, 657-660
(VADM Gerald E. Miller, Volume II [28])
Ineffectiveness of blimps for ASW warfare in World War II, 90-91; the PB4Y Liberator was used for Navy ASW operations out of Britain in 1944, 127-128; increasing success of Allied antisubmarine forces against German U boats as World War II progressed, 135
(RADM Harold B. Miller [29])
Role of the dunking sonar, 425; the DASH, 426
(RADM Thomas H. Morton [30])
German U-boats were surprised during World War II by the effectiveness of American airborne radar, 117
(RADM Albert G. Mumma [31])
In 1943 Representative Andrew May revealed classified information to the press concerning Japanese depth charges that were set to explode too shallow, 209-211; in 1950 the U.S. Navy was beginning to emphasize the use of submarines for ASW, 405; use of submarines in the early 1950s to provide ASW training for destroyers, 412-413
(ADM Stuart S. Murray [32])
Installation of sonar in destroyers in the 1930s and conduct of ASW exercises, 344-347, 350-353; upgraded sonar capability in World War II, 352; against Japanese submarines at Guadalcanal in 1942, 636-639, 644, 653-654, 657; the Operations Research Group did ASW operational analysis work for the Navy in World War II, 717-718, 724-726
(VADM Lloyd M. Mustin, Volume I [33])
The Operations Research Group analyzed U.S. ASW work in World War II, 1029-1030; ASW operations from Key West, Florida, during World War II, 1279-1280; experimental work done shortly after World War II by the Operational Development Force, 914; development in the 1940s of ahead-thrown weapons for surface ships, 943-946, 948-950, 1023; work by the Bureau of Ordnance in the late 1940s on an antisubmarine torpedo, 951-952; conversion of U.S. destroyers in the late 1940s to enhance their ASW capabilities, 949-950, 960-963; fleet sonar school at San Diego in the late 1940s, 953-960; concern over ASW conversions of destroyer escorts in the early 1950s, 1009-1012; U.S. multi-destroyer tactics used in the 1940s and 1950s against submarines, 959-960, 1022-1025; design of the Dealey (DE-1006)-class destroyer escorts in the early 1950s with Squid and Weapon A, 1013-1017; in the early 1950s the Operational Development Force had an antisubmarine detachment at Key West, Florida, 1022-1025; study in the early 1950s of the Soviet Navy's ability to interfere with NATO resupply operations in the Atlantic, 1040-1042; ASW exercise in the mid-1950s in the Western Pacific, 1151-1152; development of ASROC in the 1950s and testing in the 1960s, 1188-1189, 1377, 1409-1412, 1415-1420, 1434-1443; Task Group Charlie conducted ASW exercises in the Atlantic in the late 1950s, 1236-1244; in 1959 U.S. Task Force 88 conducted ASW exercises in company with South American navies, 1244-1258, 1263-1267; ASW exercises and operations off Key West, Florida, in the late 1950s-early 1960s, 1287, 1292-1293, 1295, 1300-1302, 1310-1311, 1318-1321; in May 1959 the U.S. submarine Grenadier (SS-525) surfaced a Soviet submarine near Iceland, 1290-1292; fleet sonar school at Key West in the late 1940s-early 1950s, 1293-1297; Antisubmarine Readiness Executive on the OpNav staff in 1960-61, 1323-1324, 1326-1345; U.S. actions against Soviet submarines during the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, 1333, 1343
(VADM Lloyd M. Mustin, Volume II [33])
ASW Patrols by PBYs before Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, 42-43, 47; unorthodox patrol for Japanese midget submarines immediately after attack, 68; training exercises conducted by ASW group in Pacific while Ogden was chief of staff for ComCarDiv 15, 1955-1957, 120-123
(CAPT James R. Ogden [34])
In the late 1950s and early 1960s the P2V Neptune had limited capability for antisubmarine work, 29-30; in the mid-1960s, Anti-Submarine Warfare Group Five, built around the aircraft carrier Bennington (CVS-20), deployed from Long Beach to the Western Pacific, 40-46; the specialized antisubmarine carriers were not particularly effective in that role, 44; in the mid-1980s U.S., Australian, and Japanese aircraft took part in international ASW exercises, 49; in the mid-1960s patrol planes operated near Yankee Station off Vietnam when CVS carriers were not available, 55 56; use of SOSUS in the 1960s and 1980s for the tracking of Soviet submarines in the Pacific, 59, 67-68, 138-141; a U.S. ASW exercise in the mid-1980s involved a variety of assets, 68, 138-139; in the mid-1970s OP-594 dealt with antisubmarine warfare readiness and training, 83-86; vulnerability of aircraft carriers to submarines because of withering of ASW assets, 91; in the late 1970s the various communities involved in ASW work had their own separate budget issues and needs, 97-98; development of dedicated ships to operated towed sonar arrays, 98; as commander of Patrol Wings Pacific Fleet in 1971-72, Rear Admiral Edward Waller developed a structured program for ASW crew training, 106; successful operations against Soviet submarines in the late 1970s, 112-113
(RADM Oakley E. Osborn [35])
Conducted by the destroyer Mervine (DD-489) in World War II, 485-486; Soviet "Foxtrot"-class boat successfully held down by U.S. warships in the Mediterranean in the early 1970s, 336-338; use of LAMPS helicopters in the Indian Ocean in the late 1970s, 383-384
(RADM Jackson K. Parker [36])
The destroyer Roe (DD-24) sank a German submarine off Brest in 1918, 31-32, 36; Pownall devised lighting system on U.S. destroyers to aid pilots in sinking German submarines, 106-109; U-85 sunk by the destroyer Roper (DD-147) in April 1942, 107
(VADM Charles A. Pownall [37])
In 1952 the escort carrier Badoeng Strait (CVE-116) took part in ASW exercises in the Pacific, 144-146; capability of the aircraft carrier Hornet (CVS-12) was enhanced by electronics and helicopters, 174-175; in the Sixth Fleet in the late 1960s, 238, 261; role of the Tenth Fleet in the Atlantic in World War II, 300-301
(VADM David C. Richardson [38])
Feeble antisubmarine capabilities of the heavy cruiser Wichita (CA-45) in 1941, 33; Japanese depth-charging of the U.S. submarine Sterlet (SS-392) during World War II, 66-67, 78; quality of Japanese magnetic anomaly detection gear near the end of World War II, 86; antisubmarine warfare drills out of Pearl Harbor in 1951, 158-160; a destroyer dropped depth charges on the submarine Pomodon (SS-486) during a training exercise in the mid-1950s, 191-192; practice depth charging of the submarine Catfish (SS-339) in the mid-1950s, 192; work of Anti Submarine Defense Force Atlantic Fleet in the late 1950s, 195-203
(CAPT Paul R. Schratz [39])
Limited sonar capability on board the destroyer Stack (DD-406) early in World War II, 46; Allies slow to deal with the U-boat threat in World War II, 46-47; heavy emphasis on ASW in the 1970s because of the Soviet threat, 262-272; specialized ASW carriers were not particularly effective, 267; development of LAMPS, 271; research in non-acoustic detection measures, 271-272
(ADM Harold E. Shear [40])
In the late 1940s hunter-killer groups used escort carriers in night ASW exercises, 96-97
(RADM Doniphan B. Shelton [41])
Old four-stack destroyers provided ASW protection when the aircraft carrier Saratoga (CV-3) deployed from San Diego to Pearl Harbor in December 1941, 67-69; combined U.S.-Taiwanese ASW exercises in the late 1950s, 214-215
(VADM P. D. Stroop [42])
The Norfolk Naval Air Station sent flying boats out on patrols over the Atlantic in 1918, looking for German U boats, 17-18, 277-278
(CAPT Daniel W. Tomlinson IV [43])
In 1957-59 Thach commanded Carrier Division 16, which was designated as hunter-killer Task Group Alfa for ASW development work, 686-718; in 1960-63 established and commanded Antisubmarine Warfare Force Pacific Fleet, based in Hawaii, 719-762
(ADM John S. Thach, Volume II [44])
Exercises conducted by Seventh Fleet ships in the early 1960s, 128-130; Japanese maritime patrol aircraft dropped sonobuoys on the submarine Barbel (SS-580) in late 1962, 137-138; capabilities of the destroyer Conyngham (DDG-17) in the late 1960s, 198-199; the United States had the perception in the early 1970s that the Soviets would make a major ASW breakthrough in the next ten years, 272; SeaMix study conducted by OP-96 in the early 1970s, 273-275; U.S. decision in the 1970s to get rid of antisubmarine aircraft carriers, 276; effective Sixth Fleet tracking of a Soviet submarine in 1976, 333-338; concern in the late 1970s that the role of U.S. submarines as potential Tomahawk missile shooters would take them away from their ASW mission, 374; U.S. inability to track Soviet submarines in the early 1980s was probably the result of the Walker spy ring, 445-448; in the late 1970s and early 1980s Train established a southern convoy route across the Atlantic in place of the traditional one in the North Atlantic, 448-450
(ADM Harry D. Train II [45])
Japanese efforts against U.S. submarines in World War II, 133, 149, 158, 180-182; ASW training conducted during NATO Exercise Mariner in the North Atlantic in the autumn of 1953, 294-298; U.S. Atlantic Fleet exercises in the mid-1950s, 303; training exercises in the Pacific in the late 1950s, 343-344; capability of hunter-killer groups in the 1950s, 344-345; demise of ASW aircraft carriers in the 1970s, 345-346
(RADM Norvell G. Ward [46])
Aircraft operating from Brazil conducted ASW operations against German U-boats in the South Atlantic in 1943, 85-86; in 1945 the U.S. Atlantic Fleet staff got reports that the German Navy was experimenting with guided missiles on submarines and made plans to counter them, 95-97; role of the Tenth Fleet in World War II, 97-98; intuition was sometimes better than operations analysis, 99-100; role of convoys, 101-102; Weapon Able was an antisubmarine rocket developed on a high-priority basis at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory in the late 1940s, 155-158; U.S. destroyer operations against a Soviet submarine in the Mediterranean in 1957, 276 280
(RADM Odale D. Waters, Jr. [47])
Training for Atlantic Fleet ships around Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, in 1954, 239-242
(VADM Thomas R. Weschler, Volume I [48])
Cruiser-Destroyer Flotilla Two conducted a series of ASW exercises in the early 1970s, 665-670; use of passive towed-array sonar, 666-667; efforts to promote passive sonar in the early 1970s, 704-706; long delay getting passive sonar into the fleet, 784-786
(VADM Thomas R. Weschler, Volume II [48])
During World War II the small seaplane tender Matagorda (AVP-22) escorted convoys from the East Coast to Europe, 41; the Matagorda depth-charged a suspected U-boat off Florida, 54; work done in the late 1940s by the destroyer Robert L. Wilson (DD-847) as part of the Operational Development Force, 123; in the early 1950s the submarine Ronquil (SS-396) acted as a target during ASW maneuvers by other ships, 150-154, 156-157, 166; new developments in the early 1950s, 166-167; hunter-killer forces in the mid-1950s, 176-179; in the late 1950s the submarine Bluegill (SSK-242) played cat-and-mouse games with Soviet Navy ships while operating off the Soviet coast in the Pacific, 200-205; study in the late 1960s looked at ASW characteristics to be incorporated in the Los Angeles (SSN-688)-class submarines, 335-337; development in the 1960s of the SubRoc nuclear-tipped missile for ASW, 335, 368; role of submarines in a direct-support role with carrier task groups, 339-340, 428-429; development in the 1970s of LAMPS helicopters, 381; attempt in the early 1970s to develop a radar that would detect submerged submarines, 388-392; role of U.S. submarines in trailing Soviet submarines in the mid-1970s, 426-427; use of towed-array sonars in the 1960s and 1970s, 427-428; allocation of resources for ASW in the mid-1970s, 435-436; difficulty of correlating the results of ASW exercises in the mid-1970s, 448-450
(VADM Joe Williams, Jr. [49])
During World War II naval personnel received antisubmarine training at Miami and Key West, Florida, 10-12
(RADM Almon C. Wilson, MC [50])
Depth charge attacks in 1944 by the destroyer Robinson (DD-562), 107; exercises in the mid-1950s by the destroyer Arnold J. Isbell (DD-869), 270; Major Fleet Escort study in the late 1960s by the Systems Analysis Division of OpNav, 451, 460-463; phasing out in the 1960s and 1970s of ASW aircraft carriers, 462-463; Zumwalt's proposal in the 1970s for a sea control ship, 463; in the late 1960s OP-96 did an ASW force level study, 475; CNO Elmo Zumwalt a strong supporter of putting ASW aircraft into attack carriers in the early 1970s, 320-321
(ADM Elmo R. Zumwalt, Jr. [51])
CNO Elmo Zumwalt was a strong supporter of putting ASW aircraft into attack carriers in the early 1970s, 320-321
(Zumwalt Staff Officers, Volume I [52])
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