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($9
$10.00
«aynrd,ibycM^0r Genera| Fred E.
’ ‘ - Marint Corps (Retired)
both learn r'nC ^orPs and the nation cat interv!!,: much from ‘he recent U. S
■hake
com
for
0pa exciting reading, especially Eric HC W'*b tbe dramatic interviews in court Rmel’s book, The Root (Har- %ri’nBrace> Jovanovich, 1985). The artlitee,y‘n Lebanon is a straightforward, rine of? rendering of facts as the Ma- rcp0rt !Cers °n the scene perceived and SourCcC ,tbem- As such, it is essentially a terja| docurr|ent, giving us the raw ma- cxn„ .Wc need to evaluate the Lebanon Per'ence.
bo0?e styhstic faults detract from the Quo,.S usefu'ness as a reference work. are n10ns Pronl reports and interviews text r always properly identified in the ’ °rcing the reader to sort through
|j n
l982-i984'neS in Lebanon:
Benis M. Frank w u-
and Muse,mT^ Washlngton. DC: History
Marine C,lm ^‘vlsion’ Headquarters, U. S.
Maps. Not«S’ru987' 196 pp- Photos- Illus- ®.0Q) '' t-‘lron- Append. Ind.
■“lerventi . iccem u. a.
3re Prenar i m Lebanon—provided we
Passionatelv \d'scuss h °Pcn|y and dis-
tragic hnmu- *hlS 1S true even °f the team heart *ng °P tbe battalion landing tlead. WhH:UrtCrS tbat ^ 241 Marines
lransPired in T ,"">rc’ discussing what s°ns from • Lebanon and drawing les-
tr'bute we U IS perbaPs the most Fitting
temptine tCan pa^ t0 tbose who died at-
depined Carry out an onerous and ill- Rcu mission.
oen Frank’
c°ntribuii S new book is a welcome Prank w|?n the discussion. Mr. hne Corn° /°unded and heads the Ma- Pieced to S, ora* history program, has sage traffSCthcr s'tuation reports, mes- give Us *C’t 3n^ eyew*tness interviews to tive 0f etailed, chronological narrate cove E l'danne experience in Beirut, tacks, aK tbe brefights and rocket at- events » .as tbe m'nutia of training
r‘nal Wash !°8istic suPPort —even to the eles RofS d°wn departing Marine vehi- fr°ni, . ° Prevent Mediterranean snails pran. ?hlnS a ride to the United States, did S <doSSe(d concentration on who at and when and why does not
footnotes at the back to identify the speaker. Conversely, in some cases, the text does not distinguish clearly between the judgment of an eyewitness and that of the author. Finally, the book is heavy with Marine Corps jargon, frequently not fully explained and probably baffling to the uninitiated. However, this last is not too serious a flaw in a reference work that is aimed primarily at a knowledgeable audience.
The most‘significant contribution of U. S. Marines in Lebanon is its careful documentation of each stage of the Marines’ mission. At the outset, they were simply to evacuate U. S. civilians and, subsequently, armed fighters of the Palestine Liberation Organization. The Marines had definite tasks—however difficult—and a clear time frame for performing them.
In the second phase of the intervention, however, the Marines were given only tasks such as “peacekeeping” and maintaining a “presence.” As time passed, they were expected somehow to reconcile these purportedly neutral tasks with a new mission—to support the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) in their armed conflict with sectarian militias. The resulting confusion peaked when Marine Corps forward observers were directing U. S.
naval gunfire on Druse and Moslem militia fighting the LAF while, a few miles away, fellow Marines were expected to behave as if they were still neutral.
The clearest lesson we can draw from U. S. Marines in Lebanon is the inadvisability of sending troops into danger without a clearly defined mission. A poorly thought-out mission tends to produce faulty deployments, inadequate rules of engagement, and, most dangerous, perceptions that fail to keep pace with objective reality. In such circumstances, even the best fighting men become little more than fixed targets for those who wish the United States ill. In
Ill-denned U. S. policy entangled the Marines in Beirut and exposed them to the terrorist attack that killed 241.
General Haynes is a combat veteran of three wars. He is currently an executive with LTV Aerospace and Defense Company and is a military consultant for CBS News.
Guadalcanal: The Carrier Battles
Eric Hammel. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1987. 492 pp. Photos. Maps. Append. Bib. Ind. $24.95. ($22.45).
Reviewed by Andrew R. Hoehn
Eight months to the day of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, U. S. naval forces transitioned to strategic offensive and defensive operations in the Pacific. On 7 August 1942, the 1st Marine Division and attached units landed on Guadalcanal and Tulagi. And as Major General A.A. Vandegrift, commander of Marine ground forces at Guadalcanal, wrote in 1947, “From that moment in 1942, the tide turned ... the Japanese never again advanced.”
The shift to the offensive was not part of the U. S. strategic plan in early 1942; indeed, U. S. naval forces were carefully directed to conduct holding operations in the Pacific until success in the continental campaign was ensured. But plans, even strategic plans, often change, and intelligence reports of a soon-to-be-completed Japanese air base that would threaten well-traveled sea lanes to Australia brought newfound urgency to the Navy’s recommendation for stepping up the war in the Pacific.
The Guadalcanal campaign is one of the great stories in U. S. military history. Despite great odds and—fora long time— lack of any appreciable logistic support, Marines secured and held the much- prized airfield at Lunga Point, fighting off repeated attacks by several divisions of the Imperial Army. And in spite of great losses, including those of several highly valued carriers, U. S. Navy forces survived two carrier battles while inflicting grave damage on the air arm of the Imperial Navy.
Now, on the 45th anniversary of the battle for Guadalcanal, Eric Hammel, author of several works on Marine Corps history, has chronicled the land and naval battles in these new books. Hammel recreates the action in lurid detail, with the day-to-day activities of Marine riflemen and naval aviators taking center stage.
Starvation Island commences with European Coastwatchers spotting the first Japanese forces in the Solomons, then traces U. S. planning efforts in June and July and the landing on Beach Red on 7 August. All ran smoothly, writes Hammel, until the 8 August disaster at Savo Island that precipitated the withdrawal of
After 45 years, historians have neither unraveled the strategic lessons of Guadalcanal, nor paid Marines the full credit due their valor.
U. S. Navy support from the amphibious objective area before any significant portion of heavy equipment, food, or supplies could be unloaded. The Marines were left to fend for themselves.
The action from there is vividly told from both U. S. and Japanese perspectives, including the battles for Tenaru in August and Edson’s Ridge in September, the Matanikau offensive in October, and the Koli Point battle in November. Throughout these trying months, Marines were often concerned more with survival than victory; success was never a certainty. The chaos of battle is written into every page.
Part of the Marines’ despair was brought on by the withdrawal of all surface support within hours of the early August landing. This led many a Marine to muse that the only surface support Marine ground forces got was that of the “carrier” Henderson Field. But, as recounted in The Carrier Battles, the line forces of Task Force 61, first under the command of Vice Admiral Frank Fletcher and later Rear Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid, were fully occupied in two major carrier battles—one in the Eastern Solomons and the other at Santa Cruz. Again, Hammel follows the action from the beginning, capturing the exploits of those serving on the USS Saratoga (CV- 3), Enterprise (CV-6), Wasp (CV-7), and Hornet (CV-8) and their supporting ships. He tells how a stalemate and a technical defeat could translate into strategic success, how commanders on both sides maneuvered for position to impart a fatal blow, and how brave men fought tenaciously to advance the war aims of their separate nations.
Hammel’s now familiar style makes for fast-paced reading, but may appear shallow to those who were there. While the publisher boasts of Hammel’s ability
counts
of
to portray more than 100 new aca ^ the campaign, it is hard to see ^ Hammel adds anything substantia
existing literature; in fact,
Starvation
Is-
<= - , actt°n
land overlooks some importan ^
conducted by the 2d Marine Rat ‘"tenant talion under the command ot Lie nt Colonel Evans F. Carlson. In a conversation,
retired General Merr
itions oin
Carls01!'
Twining (who served as °Peratj?nS|s0n’s cer on Guadalcanal) described Car^ ttie
jungles of Guadalcanal as a super eflf pie of small-unit tactics, deservl study by all second lieutenants 1
mer"
its mention. At the very least, it 0 ^te(j coverage equal that of the * a Goettge patrol, to which Hammel g1 brief chapter. ,-)s l0
On almost all counts, Hammel build on Samuel Griffith’s more c°, hensive account, The Battle o/Gntit nal (Nautical & Aviation Pubm 1979), a standard reference from w Hammel clearly draws heavily- jn This said, one last question renu''n^7/,(> a recent article published in the m Corps Gazette, General Twining * ^ “A worthy account of Guadalcana yet to be written.” When asked 'n. jng versation to elaborate, General T*1 j replied that historians have not expo jgn, the strategic importance of the camp1 - ;r
Basic School. Such action ce
rtainly
that the full credit due Marines
for
has
the'r
not
valiant efforts in the Solomons - .
yet been paid, and that the histories ^ nificance of Guadalcanal as a ^jtli
dated-
some hesitation, he simply asked if we had lost?” The answer, I am a r must await another account.
U. S. battle is not fully apprectai^-^-it
' ‘ id,
• nal
Mr. Hoehn holds an advanced degree in natl^J/-/>^ curity affairs and is associate editor of the Corps Gazette.
19»7
Jr
Pres‘dent Lines and 1848-1984 must be wel
c°med by
e*pected Y -------------------- ------------
lrig an . ' ls research has been painstak- rate f,ln0rough. His analyses of corpo-
iv,. UnctlOns and ____ c *u„
Persons
isn’t much that can be iSea °Ut lbat kind of history; it is an Centr ja* Part of the story, but such a con- interc l0n 'eaves out much that is of real lurried ^ Va*ue >n lessons that could be
0rjena history of a ship-operating, sea- Con, ed’ international transportation poj Pany> this book is somewhat disap- Co^ There is, for instance, a short the 1116111 on the arrangement by which company acquired its big container
and i^nI‘:rican President Lines John J F°rebears’ 1848-1984
DE: University of
ll,Us- Append^i ?8J' 328 pages- Photos- RePpend-Ind-$39.50 ($35.55).
u. s! Marfy ('olonel Lane C. Kendall, ne Corps Reserve (Retired)
nies arJ*?,S r°f S' stearr>ship compa- ttveen ! “pfortunate|y few and far be- 6 aPPearance of John Niven’s its
Tracing |tUdents of maritime history. American p 6 ancestr>' of the present-day of the fvr !dent Lines t0 the origins in 1848 ,l IC Mai1 Steamship Company ra>e mani.e„aUthor dcscribes the corpo- cific Mail UVenn8s that occurred as Pacific Rv?aS f‘rSt acquired by Southern Co. ip iQisWay’ t^lerl by W. R. Grace & 'arCo. in | Q’and later by the Robert Dol- disapDenr» i , name of Pacific Mail and adom ,W^en dollar gained control. Line, bC(d the appellation of Dollar c°mpanv USC 01 Linancial problems, the Maritime r™ taken over by the U. S. ^tierican °mrn'ss*on in 1938, renamed team of resident Lines, and a new tives w,„ 8°vernment-appointed execu- changed lnstalled- The company has ^38, butm^P several times since paeirJc tr td*e and tbe essential trans- Profes U 6 route have been retained. academi'S°h ^'Ven's a highly qualified naval se . tor*an with four years of ;[edrv!ce 10 his credit. As should be
!nS and i
. UIIUIJOWO VI vuipu-
• --ouns •10nS and b's evaluations of the dent LjnlnVo*ved 'n the American Presi- °n exh-iCS and ds predecessors are based Ords. ■[■iUSt'Vc study of the available rec- ble an(j e Product is a highly commenda- the tllaaccePtably judicious account of Prise wagemerd °f a commercial enter- U. c’ lch has close relations with the
^government.
other °nunately, this history, like many of (j j,CaiTiship company histories—both an jn ’ and British authorship—devotes hoard °™'nate amount of attention to gles f r°°m deliberations and the strug- tive sr 0ccuPancy of the boss’s execu- Ulte. There isn’t much that can esSea out that kind of history; it is terminal in San Pedro, but not a word on the workings of this modern, computer- oriented installation. The huge and (until made obsolete by the container revolution) efficient Mission Rock passenger- cargo terminal in San Francisco is not mentioned. Personnel relations, especially in connection with both longshoremen’s and seamen’s strikes, have been almost entirely overlooked. Finally, there is nothing to describe working conditions on board the ships under any of the 20th century owners.
Given the fact that the narrative covers a period of 136 years and sometimes bewildering changes in corporate ownership, policies, and executive personnel, it is perhaps asking too much to seek more comprehensive coverage. The basic editorial decision obviously was made to emphasize shoreside management in the United States. Regrettably, little attention, therefore, was given to the ships and the activities supporting them.
A number of errors, some insignificant and some reflecting a lack of commercial shipping experience, detract from the overall excellence of the book. For example, on page 151, the Liberty ship is said to be of 10,800 gross tons, whereas the correct figure is 7,175. The Hog Island ship’s fuel consumption was about 200 barrels (30 tons) per day and not 850 barrels (126 tons) as shown on page 134. The author’s implication that the company managed to have the statutory life of the ships lengthened to 25 years is erroneous; the extension was the result of a 1960 amendment to the Merchant Marine Act of 1936. And Prudential Line used its lighter-on-board-ship or LASH vessels only in its Mediterranean service, never on the West Coast of South America, as suggested on page 224.
A comprehensive list of all the ships owned by American President Lines, together with an additional list of vessels designated by class or design, and a note on sources are useful appendices. The index is satisfactory.
Beyond the deficiencies noted, this book is a welcome addition to the literature of U. S. maritime enterprise and is a model of careful and thoughtful research.
Colonel Kendall is a recognized expert on the U. S. Merchant Marine and has written on the subject for the Proceedings since he was a second lieutenant in the 1930s. He has worked in the commercial shipping industry, been on the faculty of the Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point, served as a senior staff member of the Military Sea Transportation Services (now Military Sealift Command), and was the 1975 winner of the Naval Institute’s award of merit as an author.
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Strategic Antisubmarine Warfare and Naval Strategy
Tom Stefanick. Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies. Lexington, MA:
Lexington Books, 1987. 390 pp. Tables.
Figs. Notes. Append. Gloss, ind. $49.95 ($44.95).
Reviewed by Dr. Norman Friedman
The jacket of this book proclaims that it is “the most comprehensive and complete treatment in the public domain of an important but difficult and rarely discussed subject.” The book itself consists of six narrative chapters and 234 pages of appendices, which provide far more technical data than the average reader will ever see elsewhere. In an introduction, Randall Forsberg, a leading light of the nuclear disarmament campaign, goes be-
tative data makes the appearance o ^ mation such as Stefanick’s hig / can tive. And because so few pc°P ines. obtain accurate data about su most readers will not question t mation this book presents. , flVVS
The author’s lack of experience the in many ways. For example, he a[)£| decibel levels of noise that Lb ^ Soviet submarines create, but ^ seem to realize that those levels c submarines adopt different tactlC,ar s0loe priate to specific conditions. Un conditions, for instance, submarin to move fast and make more sUcb Stefanick makes few references key tactical issues as maneuver^
burst speed, countermeasures, u(s
acquisition range, or weapon l°a
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COMBAT FLEETS OF THE WORLD 1986/87 (NAVAL INSTITUTE PRESS, 1986)
yond the book’s conclusions to attack the navy’s maritime strategy and its tactic of threatening Soviet nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs). The book gives the appearance of being technically complete and carries the sponsorship of the disarmament movement (the Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies holds the copyright). This will make it a standard reference for the many civilian analysts who do not have access to classified information.
Why, then, does this book leave me unsatisfied? First, the data in many of the tables and figures lose their authority when one examines the sources. For example, Stefanick takes a statement that early U. S. nuclear submarines tended to be roughly as noisy as snorkelers and turns it into a graph detailing a range of decibel levels. He does the same with an offhand comment that former Chief of Naval Operations Admiral James D. Watkins once made, comparing the Soviet Victor Ill-class submarines with earlier U. S. submarines. The author makes so much use of the noise-level data that he develops in this questionable way that we must conclude that either he had better sources than those he cites or his analysis is worthless.
Anyone privy to accurate data will be disturbed by the author’s mixed use of authoritative and amateur sources. There are real secrets, and no amount of careful reading of censored congressional testimony can retrieve them. Writers who do have access to classified information generally have the good sense not to reveal secrets; and they rarely (if ever) write so carelessly that exegesis of their texts will reveal what they preferred not to say.
Unfortunately, the scarcity of authori-
the whole story. tand-
One looks in vain here for un. feC|ini' ing of factors beyond the purely jets cal. When the Walkers gave the ^0.
access to the daily plot of submafl -n. sitions in the Atlantic, surely j eluded U. S. SSBNs; that made ^ temporarily vulnerable, despite technical superiority—a point S e ignores as he argues that Soviet ^ ^ are more vulnerable than those United States. * nu-
Beyond all of this is the issue clear escalation. Critics of the 111sj(jjl- strategy have made much of the P -ve ity that a U. S. submarine °: jnto against Soviet SSBNs could escala ^ a nuclear conflict. Stefanick is re ai[Jtral- cautious here, but Ms. Forsberg nC^ izes that caution in her introduction shows no understanding that nUC*e -,0^’ fare has become less, rather than jj. likely and that as a result, the sUfVIe&\\ ity of SSBNs hinges more on the o ^ ^ balance of power than on the thr jt nuclear holocaust. Nations do not co ^ a suicide just to improve their chance good settlement in a nonnuclear w ^o0(;
The technical portions of this fl| may be useful for their formulate acoustic and nonacoustic types ot tion; unfortunately, the details ot ^ formulations are probably mislea^ Things are just not as simple as seem.
Dr. Friedman is a consultant on naval and affairs. The author of many books on
.ns
naval
and ship designs—including Submarine Development (Naval Institute Press, 19 ,
Friedman writes the monthly “World Naval opments” column for Proceedings.
pev
136
Proceedings / Noverofrer
\ 9*1
Books of Interest
By Lieutenant Commander Thomas J. Cutler, U. S. Navy
^‘ation*11 Steel: S’ Mar‘ne Corps
f^ess with HowH,Apnnap0llS’ MD: Naval lnstitute 190 pp-photos'
Clar‘ty and beauty> Navy Com Sht” of flvino^-0119* aga'n captures the “tru Photo n°
8rit” of flVjagain captures the “tru Photogrank: Pf T thls extraordinary full-colc [he sante^echtPlbate to Marine aviation. Wit hls Previoa rt1 and artistic skills that mad >-Grant l°n°c ’ \aSUtting Edge (Tho1
' ' viator, 7" :86)’ a virtual icon
s Previn,,,. u , and artlstlc skills that mac
Son-Gram b|°0k’ The Cu,,ing Edge (Th°n naval aviators "7" *?86)’ a virtual icon t ,nt0 lhe woriH F°/ied in Steel takes the readt
h'Vid realism lflyin8 Jeathemecks” w;< ^eavens at s„ hether it’s soaring into ?ed terrain in pc[son'c speed or threading n
ey Preciselv 3 tbrobb‘ng Cobra cockpit, He drau,;- e'y catches the ihrill «r n:..u. .
Swings n a tnes the thrill of flight tl0nal data nfSu sPecifications. and opei special hi,.,, ■ e. a'rcraft are provided, anc through ta„ nca section captures the pi and excermTTanned duotone photograp f 0rnier anrl fr°m tbe diaries of Marirn b°°k a must W°Uld'be aviators will find tl
Pet,
lory of s,rrence t0 Defence: The Inside
a, T* p°'"»
. ^ersity pr(it°n'l^'am^)r‘dge, MA: Harvard (*,8Whfc98Z „>54PP. Ind. $20.00
and colorfully written narrative, this book recounts the exploits of an important component of the U. S. victory in the Pacific.
History of Marine Corps Aviation in World War II
Robert Sherrod. Baltimore, MD: Nautical & Aviation Publishing, 1987. 500 pp. Photos. Maps. Tables. Figs. Notes. Append. Gloss. Ind. $24.95 ($22.45).
This book is reprinted as one of the “Great War Stories” series in celebration of the 75th anniversary of U. S. Marine Corps aviation. First published in 1952, this venerable work was written with the assistance of the Marine Corps and draws on Sherrod’s first-hand experience as a Time/Life correspondent in the Pacific War.
The Illustrated History of the Vietnam War: Marines
Edwin H. Simmons. New York: Bantam Books, Inc., 1987. 158 pp. Photos. Maps. Gloss. $6.95 ($6.95).
Volume 1 in a projected many-volume series about the Vietnam War, Marines recounts the Corps’s role in Vietnam from the first landing at Da Nang in 1965 to the final evacuation ten years later, known as “Frequent Wind.” “First in and last out” of U. S. combat troops in Vietnam, the Marines faced the challenges of Khe Sanh, Hue, the An Hoa Basin, and “the Rockpile.” Through words and pictures, retired Brigadier General Simmons, Director of Marine Corps History and Museums, depicts these and other battles and campaigns in a concise format that captures the heroism, frustration, success, and failure that was the Vietnam War.
Leadership on the Future Battlefield
James G. Hunt and John D. Blair, Editors.
McLean, VA: Pergamon-Brassey’s, 1985. 349 pp. Tables. Figs. Bib. Ind. $33.00 ($30.00).
This book is the final report of a symposium the U. S. Army sponsored in 1983, examining how wars will be led, managed, and organized in the future. Among the essays are “The Moral Effect of Combat,” “A Stress Analysis of Future Battlefields," “Systems Leadership: A Focus on the Gestalt,” and “Developing Long-Term Adaptability and Innovativeness in the U. S. Army.”
Mustang: A Combat Marine
Gerald P. Averill. Novato, CA: Presidio Press,
1987. 314 pp. Photos. Maps. $18.95 ($17.05).
This memoir spans three wars—World War II,
Korea, and Vietnam—and some of the most important years of the Marine Corps. Retired Marine Lieutenant General Victor H. Kruiak writes in a foreward that Averill “tells the reader that the battle is the thing, that everything else is secondary. . . . And he then proceeds to illustrate that conviction in a stirring recital of events in his own career.”
The Navy Cross: Vietnam
Paul Drew Stevens, Editor. Forest Ranch, CA: Sharp & Dunnigan, 1987. 372 pp. Ind. $19.50 ($17.55).
Second only to the Medal of Honor among the nation’s military awards, the Navy Cross is awarded to a “person who . . . distinguishes himself by extraordinary heroism. ...” with a deed that “must be performed in the presence of great danger or at great personal risk.” In the Vietnam era, 360 U. S. Marines and 123 men of the U. S. Navy met these criteria. This book reproduces verbatim the citations for these awards; it also includes a color photo of the medal itself, its historical background, and an alphabetical index of the recipients from 1964 to 1973.
Soviet Ground Forces: An Operational Assessment
John Erickson, Lynn Hansen, and William Schneider. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1986.
267 pp. Maps. Figs. Gloss. Notes. Bib. Ind.
$28.50 ($25.75).
Providing the first comprehensive analysis of
■deover, $8.95 ($8.05)
Tit
fr°m deterr — w* • ’ ■ uuwctu au<
^°red thro E t0 detente to defense—is ex- the irien^k reveadn8 interviews with many Plent. Ind t ° bave 'nriuenced that develop- klcNa^a U ed are interviews with Robert par WeinhpraU' h*'126’ Henry Kissinger, Cassell
dev.
paper.
---------------------------------------------- , .
ferr^>rnent °k nuclear strategy
i, •j-. epger’ and Jimmy Carter, among as (L e dlscussions consider the future as SlJch as ,l pas1, ar|d important current issues e<Plainp,i £ Strategic Defense Initiative are and evaluated.
The
le" 'n WwnaperS: Fighting s1uadron
eter »,
^useum n Crsky- Mesa, AZ. Champlin Fighter Il0-95 (Sqre“’ 1986. 131 pp. Photos. Illus. Bib.
The
1 «9.85).
■v Grj
caual, !7 PeaPers played key roles at Guadal- a,,d oveUl?ng tbe Marianas “Turkey Shoot,” \y:[ j e home islands of Japan, flying the Sair. TV Cat’ FbF Hellcat, and the F4U Cortes ,,ICe deployed in the venerable “Big E”
in .1 rrv \/g in i^f.
"1 the p •‘Pnse ICV-6]), VF-10 left its mark ’hap ]Q„aciTic War; its pilots achieved more With m ConTirmed kills and included 23 aces. hef0re0re *han 60 photographs, some never Published, and a carefully researched
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Wash'
’ Gl°sS'
Soviet ground forces in many years, the authors assess their evolution since World War II, scrutinize Soviet training and tactics, and examine the use of air power in conjunction with land forces. More than a simple tactical assessment, this book provides background material essential to understanding Soviet political, economic, and military behavior.
Taking Charge: A Practical Guide for Leaders
Perry M. Smith. Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, 1986. Bib. Append.
Ind. $7.00 ($6.30).
In his introduction, retired Navy Vice Admiral James B. Stockdale writes: “Although there are a great number of excellent works on the subject of leadership, this book fills an important void. . . . Through the use of case studies, checklists, helpful hints, rules of thumb, and other techniques, this book has a feel of relevance and pragmatism. ...” From his birth at West Point through his long and distinguished career in the Air Force, Major General Smith brings a wealth of experience and qualification to this writing.
A Thoroughly Efficient Navy
William F. Kaufmann. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1987. 131 pp. Tables.
Gloss. Notes. Append. $8.95 ($8.05).
Questioning the Navy’s maritime strategy and its goal of 600 ships, Kaufmann analyzes the Navy’s roles in nuclear deterrence, sea control, power projection, and peacetime patrol. He concludes that a less costly fleet of 570 ships could realistically meet wartime challenges and efficiently carry out the less demanding tasks of peacetime presence and limited operations.
Game
Central America: The United States’ Backyard War
Victory Games. Baltimore, MD: Monarch Avalon, 1987. 780 counters, two rules booklets, one scenario booklet, two charts and tables booklets, two player display cards, and a 22- by 32-inch mapsheet. $30.00 plus $3.00 for postage and handling. (Order directly from Victory Games, 4517 Harford Road, Baltimore, MD 21214.)
With 25 individual scenarios and a scenario generation system, this strategy simulation game allows the players to incorporate the elements of modem land, naval, and air combat in meeting the challenges of a variety of situations in Central America. Playing times range from 1 to 20 hours depending upon the scenario selected. Both conventional and guerrilla warfare are included and the scenario generation system relies upon real-world determinants such as the Monroe and Brezhnev doctrines. Among the many features are aerial counterinsurgency, helicopter assault, merchant shipping raids, naval bombardment, political constraints, logistic considerations, carrier alpha strikes, paradrops, and terrain influence.
Other Titles of Interest
The Automated Battlefield
Frank Bamaby. New York: The Free Press, 1986. 180 pp. Photos. Ind. $18.95 ($17.05).
G.I.: The American Soldier in World War II
Lee Kennett. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1987. 265 pp. Photos. Notes. Bib. Ind. $20.95 ($18.85).
The Helicopter: History, Piloting & H°" It Flies
John Fay. New York: Hippocrene Books, 1987. Fourth Edition. 223 pp. Ph°‘°*; Gloss. Key. Bib. Ind. $19.95 ($17.93J-
Military Technology ana ueicn^ Manpower .
Martin Binkin. Washington, DC: The ings Institution, 1986. 143 pp. eS,j.nVer, Appen. Ind. $22.95 ($20.65) hard $8.95 ($8.05) paper.
Peace Is My Profession: A Soldier s,'^ of the Moral Dimension of U• S. '
P°'iCy . nC:Na-
Raymond A. Shulstad. Washington, tional Defense University Press, 19$ • g5)
Charts. Appen. Notes. Bib. Ind. $6.5 paper.
Qaddafi and the Libyan Revoluti°n
. ' „ B°st°n’
David Blundy and Andrew Lyceu- ^ Little, Brown and Company, 1987- ~ Photos. Ulus. Map. Ind. $17.95 ($1 •
U. S. Marines in Grenada, 1983
LtCol. Ronald H. Spector, USMCR\ ington, DC: History and Museums D> ^ Headquarters, U. S. Marine Corps,
35 pp. Photos. Illus. Maps. ApPen- Notes. $2.25 ($2.00) paper.
What Are Generals Made Of?
MajGen. Aubrey “Red” Newman,
314 pp. Photos. Appen. $18.95 ($^
USA
1987-
“Red’
CA: Presidio
Press
(Ret.). Novato
05)-
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