Pearl Harbor: Who Deceived Whom?
By Lieutenant Commander Philip H. Jacobsen, U.S. Navy (Retired)
A review of newly declassified U.S. naval communications intelligence (ComInt) records refutes attempts by revisionist conspiracy theorists to "prove" President Franklin D. Roosevelt knew of the Japanese plan to attack Pearl Harbor and withheld information to draw the United States into the European war. Evidence now corroborates a long-held view that Japanese radio deception masked movement of their carriers—here, the Akagi steams for Hawaii—effectively ensuring a surprise attack.
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Lieutenant Commander Jacobsen is a researcher, columnist, and indexer for the U.S. Naval Cryptologic Veterans Association's journal, The Cryptolog. He enlisted in the Navy in June 1941 and retired after more than 28 years of service, 27 of those years serving with the Naval Security Group or its predecessor organizations. In World War II, he served as an intercept and direction finder operator as well as an analyst on Japanese naval and naval air communications.
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